\documentclass[a4paper]{article} \ifdefined \UnicodeEncodingName \usepackage{fontspec} \setmainfont{FreeSerif} % \setmainfont{Linux Libertine O} \ifdefined\luatexversion \newcommand*{\texengine}{LuaLaTeX} \else \newcommand*{\texengine}{XeLaTeX} \fi \newcommand*{\ux}[2]{#1} \else \usepackage[LGR,T1]{fontenc} \usepackage{lmodern} \newcommand*{\texengine}{pdfLaTeX} \newcommand*{\ux}[2]{#2} \fi % Load encoding definitions \usepackage[normalize-symbols]{textalpha} % "Greek script everywhere" % With TL22, the special handling of Greek UPPERCASE is only triggered % if the text language is set to "greek" with Babel: \usepackage[greek%.local-MakeUppercase-fixes % uncomment to test modifier ,english]{babel} % babel-greek \languageattribute{greek}{polutoniko} % "modern" polytonic Greek % \languageattribute{greek}{ancient} % Babel's Greek "ini" doesn't drop diacritics input via standard accent macros % \usepackage[greek,english,provide*=*]{babel} \usepackage[unicode,colorlinks,linkcolor=blue]{hyperref} \usepackage{bookmark} \usepackage{longtable} \setcounter{LTchunksize}{60} % don't lowercase the font encoding names (T1, LGR, ...) \ifdefined \AddToNoCaseChangeList % new in 2022 \AddToNoCaseChangeList{\fontencoding} \fi % Auxiliary commands \ifdefined \extrasgreek % babel-greek loaded \newcommand*{\Greek}{\foreignlanguage{greek}} \else \newcommand*{\Greek}{\ensuregreek} \newcommand*{\lgrfont}{\fontencoding{LGR}\selectfont} \fi \providecommand*{\greekfontencoding}{undefined} \newcommand{\cs}[1]{\texttt{\textbackslash#1}} % print the selected language variant \newcommand*{\GreekLanguageVariant}{% \ifx\captionsgreek\captionsancientgreek ancient% \else \ifx\captionsgreek\captionspolutonikogreek polutoniko% \else monotoniko% \fi \fi } % one line in a case-change test table \newcommand*{\Cases}[1]{% & \Greek{#1} & \Greek{\MakeUppercase{#1}} & \Greek{\MakeLowercase{#1}} } \newcommand*{\TestUppercase}[1]{% \Greek{#1 → \MakeUppercase{#1}}% } % % Test: pre-composed characters with LuaTeX % \ifdefined\luatexversion % \DeclareUnicodeComposite{\'}{Α} {"0386} % Ά % \fi % ----------------------------------------------------------------------- \begin{document} \title{Greek characters supported by \emph{greek-fontenc}} \author{Günter Milde} \maketitle \abstract{ \noindent This document lists all Greek characters that are supported by \emph{greek-fontenc}. It also tests the outcome of \cs{MakeUppercase} and \cs{MakeLowercase} for different input variants (literal input, LICR% \footnote{LaTeX internal character representation} macro, Latin transliteration). \makeatletter The document is compiled with \texengine, format version \fmtversion{} patch-level \patch@level{}, and the L3 programming layer from \ExplFileDate{}. \makeatother \ifdefined \extrasgreek % babel-greek loaded The \emph{babel-greek} version is ``\csname ver@greek.ldf\endcsname''. \fi The \verb|\greekfontencoding| is \greekfontencoding{} and the current language variant is \emph\GreekLanguageVariant. } \tableofcontents \section{Input Variants} The columns represent the following input variants: \begin{enumerate} \item literal character \item named accent macro + LICR \item short accent macro + LICR \item short accent macro + \ux{literal character} % Xe/LuaTeX {transliteration} % pdfTeX \item \ux{short accent macro (reversed order) + literal character} {accent character + transliteration} \end{enumerate} For composite diacritics, there are additional columns for short macros in reversed order and with the second diacritic as accent macro. \section{Greek and Coptic} Characters from the Greek and Coptic Unicode block that are supported by \emph{greek-fontenc} and \emph{greek-inputenc}: \begin{longtable}{llll} x0374 \Cases{ ʹ \textdexiakeraia{} } \\ x0375 \Cases{ ͵ \textaristerikeraia{} } \\ x037A \Cases{ ͺ { }\ypogegrammeni{} { }\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{ͺ} {| |} } \\ 0x37E \Cases{ ; \texterotimatiko{} \texterotimatiko{} \ux{;} {? ?} } \\ \\ x0384 \Cases{ ΄ \acctonos{ } \'{ } \ux{΄} {\'{} '} } \\ x0385 \Cases{ ΅ \accdialytikatonos{ } \"'{ } \ux{\"'{}} {\"'{} "'} } \\ x0386 \Cases{ Ά \acctonos\textAlpha{} \'\textAlpha{} \ux{\'Α} {\'A 'A} } \\ x0387 \Cases{ · \textanoteleia{} \textanoteleia{} \ux{·} {; ;} } \\ x0388 \Cases{ Έ \acctonos\textEpsilon{} \'\textEpsilon{} \ux{\'Ε} {\'E 'E} } \\ x0389 \Cases{ Ή \acctonos\textEta{} \'\textEta{} \ux{\'Η} {\'H 'H} } \\ x038A \Cases{ Ί \acctonos\textIota{} \'\textIota{} \ux{\'Ι} {\'I 'I} } \\ x038C \Cases{ Ό \acctonos\textOmicron{} \'\textOmicron{} \ux{\'Ο} {\'O 'O} } \\ x038E \Cases{ Ύ \acctonos\textUpsilon{} \'\textUpsilon{} \ux{\'Υ} {\'U 'U} } \\ x038F \Cases{ Ώ \acctonos\textOmega{} \'\textOmega{} \ux{\'Ω} {\'W 'W} } \\ \\ x0390 \Cases{ ΐ \accdialytikatonos\textiota{} \'"\textiota{} \ux{\'"ι \"'ι \'\"ι \"\'ι} {\'"i \"'i \'\"i \"\'i '"i "'i} } \\ x0391 \Cases{ Α \textAlpha{} \textAlpha{} \ux{Α} {A A } } \\ x0392 \Cases{ Β \textBeta{} \textBeta{} \ux{Β} {B B } } \\ x0393 \Cases{ Γ \textGamma{} \textGamma{} \ux{Γ} {G G } } \\ x0394 \Cases{ Δ \textDelta{} \textDelta{} \ux{Δ} {D D } } \\ x0395 \Cases{ Ε \textEpsilon{} \textEpsilon{} \ux{Ε} {E E } } \\ x0396 \Cases{ Ζ \textZeta{} \textZeta{} \ux{Ζ} {Z Z } } \\ x0397 \Cases{ Η \textEta{} \textEta{} \ux{Η} {H H } } \\ x0398 \Cases{ Θ \textTheta{} \textTheta{} \ux{Θ} {J J } } \\ x0399 \Cases{ Ι \textIota{} \textIota{} \ux{Ι} {I I } } \\ x039A \Cases{ Κ \textKappa{} \textKappa{} \ux{Κ} {K K } } \\ x039B \Cases{ Λ \textLambda{} \textLambda{} \ux{Λ} {L L } } \\ x039C \Cases{ Μ \textMu{} \textMu{} \ux{Μ} {M M } } \\ x039D \Cases{ Ν \textNu{} \textNu{} \ux{Ν} {N N } } \\ x039E \Cases{ Ξ \textXi{} \textXi{} \ux{Ξ} {X X } } \\ x039F \Cases{ Ο \textOmicron{} \textOmicron{} \ux{Ο} {O O } } \\ \\ 0x3A0 \Cases{ Π \textPi{} \textPi{} \ux{Π} {P P } } \\ 0x3A1 \Cases{ Ρ \textRho{} \textRho{} \ux{Ρ} {R R } } \\ 0x3A3 \Cases{ Σ \textSigma{} \textSigma{} \ux{Σ} {S S } } \\ 0x3A4 \Cases{ Τ \textTau{} \textTau{} \ux{Τ} {T T } } \\ 0x3A5 \Cases{ Υ \textUpsilon{} \textUpsilon{} \ux{Υ} {U U } } \\ 0x3A6 \Cases{ Φ \textPhi{} \textPhi{} \ux{Φ} {F F } } \\ 0x3A7 \Cases{ Χ \textChi{} \textChi{} \ux{Χ} {Q Q } } \\ 0x3A8 \Cases{ Ψ \textPsi{} \textPsi{} \ux{Ψ} {Y Y } } \\ 0x3A9 \Cases{ Ω \textOmega{} \textOmega{} \ux{Ω} {W W } } \\ 0x3AA \Cases{ Ϊ \accdialytika\textIota{} \"\textIota{} \ux{\"Ι} {\"I "I } } \\ 0x3AB \Cases{ Ϋ \accdialytika\textUpsilon{} \"\textUpsilon{} \ux{\"Υ} {\"U "U } } \\ 0x3AC \Cases{ ά \acctonos\textalpha{} \'\textalpha{} \ux{\'α} {\'a 'a } } \\ 0x3AD \Cases{ έ \acctonos\textepsilon{} \'\textepsilon{} \ux{\'ε} {\'e 'e } } \\ 0x3AE \Cases{ ή \acctonos\texteta{} \'\texteta{} \ux{\'η} {\'h 'h } } \\ 0x3AF \Cases{ ί \acctonos\textiota{} \'\textiota{} \ux{\'ι} {\'i 'i } } \\ \\ x03B0 \Cases{ ΰ \accdialytikatonos\textupsilon{} \"'\textupsilon{} \ux{\"'υ \'"υ \'\"υ \"\'υ} {\'"u \"'u \'\"u \"\'u '"u "'u} } \\ x03B1 \Cases{ α \textalpha{} \textalpha{} \ux{α} {a a } } \\ x03B2 \Cases{ β \textbeta{} \textbeta{} \ux{β} {b b } } \\ x03B3 \Cases{ γ \textgamma{} \textgamma{} \ux{γ} {g g } } \\ x03B4 \Cases{ δ \textdelta{} \textdelta{} \ux{δ} {d d } } \\ x03B5 \Cases{ ε \textepsilon{} \textepsilon{} \ux{ε} {e e } } \\ x03B6 \Cases{ ζ \textzeta{} \textzeta{} \ux{ζ} {z z } } \\ x03B7 \Cases{ η \texteta{} \texteta{} \ux{η} {h h } } \\ x03B8 \Cases{ θ \texttheta{} \texttheta{} \ux{θ} {j j } } \\ x03B9 \Cases{ ι \textiota{} \textiota{} \ux{ι} {i i } } \\ x03BA \Cases{ κ \textkappa{} \textkappa{} \ux{κ} {k k } } \\ x03BB \Cases{ λ \textlambda{} \textlambda{} \ux{λ} {l l } } \\ x03BC \Cases{ μ \textmu{} \textmu{} \ux{μ} {m m } } \\ x03BD \Cases{ ν \textnu{} \textnu{} \ux{ν} {n n } } \\ x03BE \Cases{ ξ \textxi{} \textxi{} \ux{ξ} {x x } } \\ x03BF \Cases{ ο \textomicron{} \textomicron{} \ux{ο} {o o } } \\ \\ x03C0 \Cases{ π \textpi{} \textpi{} \ux{π} {p p } } \\ x03C1 \Cases{ ρ \textrho{} \textrho{} \ux{ρ} {r r } } \\ x03C2 \Cases{ ς \textfinalsigma{} \textfinalsigma{} \ux{ς} {s s } } \\ x03C3 \Cases{ σ \textsigma{} \textsigma{} \ux{σ} {s\textcompwordmark{} sv } } \\ x03C4 \Cases{ τ \texttau{} \texttau{} \ux{τ} {t t } } \\ x03C5 \Cases{ υ \textupsilon{} \textupsilon{} \ux{υ} {u u } } \\ x03C6 \Cases{ φ \textphi{} \textphi{} \ux{φ} {f f } } \\ x03C7 \Cases{ χ \textchi{} \textchi{} \ux{χ} {q q } } \\ x03C8 \Cases{ ψ \textpsi{} \textpsi{} \ux{ψ} {y y } } \\ x03C9 \Cases{ ω \textomega{} \textomega{} \ux{ω} {w w } } \\ x03CA \Cases{ ϊ \accdialytika\textiota{} \"\textiota{} \ux{\"ι} {\"i "i } } \\ x03CB \Cases{ ϋ \accdialytika\textupsilon{} \"\textupsilon{} \ux{\"υ} {\"u "u } } \\ x03CC \Cases{ ό \acctonos\textomicron{} \'\textomicron{} \ux{\'ο} {\'o 'o } } \\ x03CD \Cases{ ύ \acctonos\textupsilon{} \'\textupsilon{} \ux{\'υ} {\'u 'u } } \\ x03CE \Cases{ ώ \acctonos\textomega{} \'\textomega{} \ux{\'ω } {\'w 'w } } \\ \\ x03D0 \Cases{ ϐ \textbetasymbol } \\ x03D1 \Cases{ ϑ \textthetasymbol } \\ x03D5 \Cases{ ϕ \textphisymbol } \\ x03D6 \Cases{ ϖ \textpisymbol } \\ x03D8 \Cases{ Ϙ \textQoppa{} } \\ x03D9 \Cases{ ϙ \textqoppa{} } \\ x03DA \Cases{ Ϛ \textStigma{} } \\ x03DB \Cases{ ϛ \textstigma{} } \\ x03DC \Cases{ Ϝ \textDigamma{} } \\ x03DD \Cases{ ϝ \textdigamma{} } \\ x03DE \Cases{ Ϟ \textKoppa{} } \\ x03DF \Cases{ ϟ \textkoppa{} } \\ \\ x03E0 \Cases{ Ϡ \textSampi{} } \\ x03E1 \Cases{ ϡ \textsampi{} } \\ \\ x03F0 \Cases{ ϰ \textkappasymbol } \\ x03F1 \Cases{ ϱ \textrhosymbol } \\ x03F4 \Cases{ ϴ \textThetasymbol } \\ x03F5 \Cases{ ϵ \textepsilonsymbol } \\ \end{longtable} % --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- \section{Greek extended} \begin{longtable}{llll} x1F00 \Cases{ ἀ \accpsili\textalpha{} \>\textalpha{} \ux{\>α }{\>a >a} } \\ x1F01 \Cases{ ἁ \accdasia\textalpha{} \<\textalpha{} \ux{\<α }{\`\textalpha{} \ux{\>`α \`>α \>\`α \`\>α} {\>`a \`>a \>\`a \`\>a >`a `>a} } \\ x1F03 \Cases{ ἃ \accdasiavaria\textalpha{} \<`\textalpha{} \ux{\<`α \`<α \<\`α \`\<α} {\<`a \`'\textalpha{} \ux{\>'α \'>α \>\'α \'\>α} {\>'a \'>a \>\'a \'\>a >'a '>a} } \\ x1F05 \Cases{ ἅ \accdasiaoxia\textalpha{} \<'\textalpha{} \ux{\<'α \'<α \<\'α \'\<α} {\<'a \'\textalpha{} \ux{\>~α \~>α \>\~α \~\>α} {\>~a \~>a \>\~a \~\>a >~a ~>a} } \\ x1F07 \Cases{ ἇ \accdasiaperispomeni\textalpha{} \~<\textalpha{} \ux{\<~α \~<α \<\~α \~\<α} {\<~a \~\textAlpha{} \ux{\>Α } {\>A >A} } \\ x1F09 \Cases{ Ἁ \accdasia\textAlpha{} \<\textAlpha{} \ux{\<Α } {\`\textAlpha{} \ux{\>`Α \`>Α \>\`Α \`\>Α} {\>`A \`>A \>\`A \`\>A >`A `>A} } \\ x1F0B \Cases{ Ἃ \accdasiavaria\textAlpha{} \<`\textAlpha{} \ux{\<`Α \`<Α \<\`Α \`\<Α} {\<`A \`'\textAlpha{} \ux{\>'Α \'>Α \>\'Α \'\>Α} {\>'A \'>A \>\'A \'\>A >'A '>A} } \\ x1F0D \Cases{ Ἅ \accdasiaoxia\textAlpha{} \<'\textAlpha{} \ux{\<'Α \'<Α \<\'Α \'\<Α} {\<'A \'\textAlpha{} \ux{\>~Α \~>Α \>\~Α \~\>Α} {\>~A \~>A \>\~A \~\>A >~A ~>A} } \\ x1F0F \Cases{ Ἇ \accdasiaperispomeni\textAlpha{} \~<\textAlpha{} \ux{\<~Α \~<Α \<\~Α \~\<Α} {\<~A \~\textepsilon{} \ux{\>ε } {\>e >e} } \\ x1F11 \Cases{ ἑ \accdasia\textepsilon{} \<\textepsilon{} \ux{\<ε } {\`\textepsilon{} \ux{\>`ε \`>ε \>\`ε \`\>ε} {\>`e >`e} } \\ x1F13 \Cases{ ἓ \accdasiavaria\textepsilon{} \<`\textepsilon{} \ux{\<`ε \`<ε \<\`ε \`\<ε} {\<`e <`e} } \\ x1F14 \Cases{ ἔ \accpsilioxia\textepsilon{} \>'\textepsilon{} \ux{\>'ε \'>ε \>\'ε \'\>ε} {\>'e >'e} } \\ x1F15 \Cases{ ἕ \accdasiaoxia\textepsilon{} \<'\textepsilon{} \ux{\<'ε \'<ε \<\'ε \'\<ε} {\<'e <'e} } \\ x1F18 \Cases{ Ἐ \accpsili\textEpsilon{} \>\textEpsilon{} \ux{\>Ε } {\>E >E} } \\ x1F19 \Cases{ Ἑ \accdasia\textEpsilon{} \<\textEpsilon{} \ux{\<Ε } {\`\textEpsilon{} \ux{\>`Ε \`>Ε \>\`Ε \`\>Ε} {\>`E >`E} } \\ x1F1B \Cases{ Ἓ \accdasiavaria\textEpsilon{} \<`\textEpsilon{} \ux{\<`Ε \`<Ε \<\`Ε \`\<Ε} {\<`E <`E} } \\ x1F1C \Cases{ Ἔ \accpsilioxia\textEpsilon{} \>'\textEpsilon{} \ux{\>'Ε \'>Ε \>\'Ε \'\>Ε} {\>'E >'E} } \\ x1F1D \Cases{ Ἕ \accdasiaoxia\textEpsilon{} \<'\textEpsilon{} \ux{\<'Ε \'<Ε \<\'Ε \'\<Ε} {\<'E <'E} } \\ \\ x1F20 \Cases{ ἠ \accpsili\texteta{} \>\texteta{} \ux{\>η } {\>h >h} } \\ x1F21 \Cases{ ἡ \accdasia\texteta{} \<\texteta{} \ux{\<η } {\`\texteta{} \ux{\>`η \`>η \>\`η \`\>η} {\>`h >`h} } \\ x1F23 \Cases{ ἣ \accdasiavaria\texteta{} \<`\texteta{} \ux{\<`η \`<η \<\`η \`\<η} {\<`h <`h} } \\ x1F24 \Cases{ ἤ \accpsilioxia\texteta{} \>'\texteta{} \ux{\>'η \'>η \>\'η \'\>η} {\>'h >'h} } \\ x1F25 \Cases{ ἥ \accdasiaoxia\texteta{} \<'\texteta{} \ux{\<'η \'<η \<\'η \'\<η} {\<'h <'h} } \\ x1F26 \Cases{ ἦ \accpsiliperispomeni\texteta{} \~>\texteta{} \ux{\>~η \~>η \>\~η \~\>η} {\>~h >~h} } \\ x1F27 \Cases{ ἧ \accdasiaperispomeni\texteta{} \~<\texteta{} \ux{\<~η \~<η \<\~η \~\<η} {\<~h <~h} } \\ x1F28 \Cases{ Ἠ \accpsili\textEta{} \>\textEta{} \ux{\>Η } {\>H >H} } \\ x1F29 \Cases{ Ἡ \accdasia\textEta{} \<\textEta{} \ux{\<Η } {\`\textEta{} \ux{\>`Η \`>Η \>\`Η \`\>Η} {\>`H >`H} } \\ x1F2B \Cases{ Ἣ \accdasiavaria\textEta{} \<`\textEta{} \ux{\<`Η \`<Η \<\`Η \`\<Η} {\<`H <`H} } \\ x1F2C \Cases{ Ἤ \accpsilioxia\textEta{} \>'\textEta{} \ux{\'>Η \'>Η \'\>Η \'\>Η} {\>'H >'H} } \\ x1F2D \Cases{ Ἥ \accdasiaoxia\textEta{} \<'\textEta{} \ux{\<'Η \'<Η \<\'Η \'\<Η} {\<'H <'H} } \\ x1F2E \Cases{ Ἦ \accpsiliperispomeni\textEta{} \~>\textEta{} \ux{\>~Η \~>Η \>\~Η \~\>Η} {\>~H >~H} } \\ x1F2F \Cases{ Ἧ \accdasiaperispomeni\textEta{} \~<\textEta{} \ux{\<~Η \~<Η \<\~Η \~\<Η} {\<~H <~H} } \\ \\ x1F30 \Cases{ ἰ \accpsili\textiota{} \>\textiota{} \ux{\>ι} {\>i >i} } \\ x1F31 \Cases{ ἱ \accdasia\textiota{} \<\textiota{} \ux{\<ι} {\`\textiota{} \ux{\>`ι \`>ι} {\>`i >`i} } \\ x1F33 \Cases{ ἳ \accdasiavaria\textiota{} \<`\textiota{} \ux{\<`ι \`<ι} {\<`i <`i} } \\ x1F34 \Cases{ ἴ \accpsilioxia\textiota{} \>'\textiota{} \ux{\>'ι \'>ι} {\>'i >'i} } \\ x1F35 \Cases{ ἵ \accdasiaoxia\textiota{} \<'\textiota{} \ux{\<'ι \'<ι} {\<'i <'i} } \\ x1F36 \Cases{ ἶ \accpsiliperispomeni\textiota{} \~>\textiota{} \ux{\>~ι \~>ι} {\>~i >~i} } \\ x1F37 \Cases{ ἷ \accdasiaperispomeni\textiota{} \~<\textiota{} \ux{\<~ι \~<ι} {\<~i <~i} } \\ x1F38 \Cases{ Ἰ \accpsili\textIota{} \>\textIota{} \ux{\>Ι} {\>I >I} } \\ x1F39 \Cases{ Ἱ \accdasia\textIota{} \<\textIota{} \ux{\<Ι} {\`\textIota{} \ux{\>`Ι \`>Ι} {\>`I >`I} } \\ x1F3B \Cases{ Ἳ \accdasiavaria\textIota{} \<`\textIota{} \ux{\<`Ι \`<Ι} {\<`I <`I} } \\ x1F3C \Cases{ Ἴ \accpsilioxia\textIota{} \>'\textIota{} \ux{\>'Ι \'>Ι} {\>'I >'I} } \\ x1F3D \Cases{ Ἵ \accdasiaoxia\textIota{} \<'\textIota{} \ux{\<'Ι \'<Ι} {\<'I <'I} } \\ x1F3E \Cases{ Ἶ \accpsiliperispomeni\textIota{} \~>\textIota{} \ux{\>~Ι \~>Ι} {\>~I >~I} } \\ x1F3F \Cases{ Ἷ \accdasiaperispomeni\textIota{} \~<\textIota{} \ux{\<~Ι \~<Ι} {\<~I <~I} } \\ \\ x1F40 \Cases{ ὀ \accpsili\textomicron{} \>\textomicron{} \ux{\>ο} {\>o >o} } \\ x1F41 \Cases{ ὁ \accdasia\textomicron{} \<\textomicron{} \ux{\<ο} {\`\textomicron{} \ux{\>`ο \`>ο} {\>`o >`o} } \\ x1F43 \Cases{ ὃ \accdasiavaria\textomicron{} \<`\textomicron{} \ux{\<`ο \`<ο} {\<`o <`o} } \\ x1F44 \Cases{ ὄ \accpsilioxia\textomicron{} \>'\textomicron{} \ux{\>'ο \'>ο} {\>'o >'o} } \\ x1F45 \Cases{ ὅ \accdasiaoxia\textomicron{} \<'\textomicron{} \ux{\<'ο \'<ο} {\<'o <'o} } \\ x1F48 \Cases{ Ὀ \accpsili\textOmicron{} \>\textOmicron{} \ux{\>Ο} {\>O >O} } \\ x1F49 \Cases{ Ὁ \accdasia\textOmicron{} \<\textOmicron{} \ux{\<Ο} {\`\textOmicron{} \ux{\>`Ο \`>Ο} {\>`O >`O} } \\ x1F4B \Cases{ Ὃ \accdasiavaria\textOmicron{} \<`\textOmicron{} \ux{\<`Ο \`<Ο} {\<`O <`O} } \\ x1F4C \Cases{ Ὄ \accpsilioxia\textOmicron{} \>'\textOmicron{} \ux{\>'Ο \'>Ο} {\>'O >'O} } \\ x1F4D \Cases{ Ὅ \accdasiaoxia\textOmicron{} \<'\textOmicron{} \ux{\<'Ο \'<Ο} {\<'O <'O} } \\ \\ x1F50 \Cases{ ὐ \accpsili\textupsilon{} \>\textupsilon{} \ux{\>υ} {\>u >u} } \\ x1F51 \Cases{ ὑ \accdasia\textupsilon{} \<\textupsilon{} \ux{\<υ} {\`\textupsilon{} \ux{\>`υ \`>υ} {\>`u >`u} } \\ x1F53 \Cases{ ὓ \accdasiavaria\textupsilon{} \<`\textupsilon{} \ux{\<`υ \`<υ} {\<`u <`u} } \\ x1F54 \Cases{ ὔ \accpsilioxia\textupsilon{} \>'\textupsilon{} \ux{\>'υ \'>υ} {\>'u >'u} } \\ x1F55 \Cases{ ὕ \accdasiaoxia\textupsilon{} \<'\textupsilon{} \ux{\<'υ \'<υ} {\<'u <'u} } \\ x1F56 \Cases{ ὖ \accpsiliperispomeni\textupsilon{} \~>\textupsilon{} \ux{\>~υ \~>υ} {\>~u >~u} } \\ x1F57 \Cases{ ὗ \accdasiaperispomeni\textupsilon{} \~<\textupsilon{} \ux{\<~υ \~<υ} {\<~u <~u} } \\ x1F59 \Cases{ Ὑ \accdasia\textUpsilon{} \<\textUpsilon{} \ux{\<Υ} {\\textomega{} \ux{\>ω} {\>w >w} } \\ x1F61 \Cases{ ὡ \accdasia\textomega{} \<\textomega{} \ux{\<ω} {\`\textomega{} \ux{\>`ω \`>ω} {\>`w >`w} } \\ x1F63 \Cases{ ὣ \accdasiavaria\textomega{} \<`\textomega{} \ux{\<`ω \`<ω} {\<`w <`w} } \\ x1F64 \Cases{ ὤ \accpsilioxia\textomega{} \>'\textomega{} \ux{\>'ω \'>ω} {\>'w >'w} } \\ x1F65 \Cases{ ὥ \accdasiaoxia\textomega{} \<'\textomega{} \ux{\<'ω \'<ω} {\<'w <'w} } \\ x1F66 \Cases{ ὦ \accpsiliperispomeni\textomega{} \~>\textomega{} \ux{\>~ω \~>ω} {\>~w >~w} } \\ x1F67 \Cases{ ὧ \accdasiaperispomeni\textomega{} \~<\textomega{} \ux{\<~ω \~<ω} {\<~w <~w} } \\ x1F68 \Cases{ Ὠ \accpsili\textOmega{} \>\textOmega{} \ux{\>Ω} {\>W >W} } \\ x1F69 \Cases{ Ὡ \accdasia\textOmega{} \<\textOmega{} \ux{\<Ω} {\`\textOmega{} \ux{\>`Ω \`>Ω} {\>`W >`W} } \\ x1F6B \Cases{ Ὣ \accdasiavaria\textOmega{} \<`\textOmega{} \ux{\<`Ω \`<Ω} {\<`W <`W} } \\ x1F6C \Cases{ Ὤ \accpsilioxia\textOmega{} \>'\textOmega{} \ux{\>'Ω \'>Ω} {\>'W >'W} } \\ x1F6D \Cases{ Ὥ \accdasiaoxia\textOmega{} \<'\textOmega{} \ux{\<'Ω \'<Ω} {\<'W <'W} } \\ x1F6E \Cases{ Ὦ \accpsiliperispomeni\textOmega{} \~>\textOmega{} \ux{\>~Ω \~>Ω} {\>~W >~W} } \\ x1F6F \Cases{ Ὧ \accdasiaperispomeni\textOmega{} \~<\textOmega{} \ux{\<~Ω \~<Ω} {\<~W <~W} } \\ \\ x1F70 \Cases{ ὰ \accvaria\textalpha{} \`\textalpha{} \ux{\`α} {\`a `a} } \\ x1F71 \Cases{ ά \accoxia\textalpha{} \'\textalpha{} \ux{\'α} {\'a 'a} } \\ x1F72 \Cases{ ὲ \accvaria\textepsilon{} \`\textepsilon{} \ux{\`ε} {\`e `e} } \\ x1F73 \Cases{ έ \accoxia\textepsilon{} \'\textepsilon{} \ux{\'ε} {\'e 'e} } \\ x1F74 \Cases{ ὴ \accvaria\texteta{} \`\texteta{} \ux{\`η} {\`h `h} } \\ x1F75 \Cases{ ή \accoxia\texteta{} \'\texteta{} \ux{\'η} {\'h 'h} } \\ x1F76 \Cases{ ὶ \accvaria\textiota{} \`\textiota{} \ux{\`ι} {\`i `i} } \\ x1F77 \Cases{ ί \accoxia\textiota{} \'\textiota{} \ux{\'ι} {\'i 'i} } \\ x1F78 \Cases{ ὸ \accvaria\textomicron{} \`\textomicron{} \ux{\`ο} {\`o `o} } \\ x1F79 \Cases{ ό \accoxia\textomicron{} \'\textomicron{} \ux{\'ο} {\'o 'o} } \\ x1F7A \Cases{ ὺ \accvaria\textupsilon{} \`\textupsilon{} \ux{\`υ} {\`u `u} } \\ x1F7B \Cases{ ύ \accoxia\textupsilon{} \'\textupsilon{} \ux{\'υ} {\'u 'u} } \\ x1F7C \Cases{ ὼ \accvaria\textomega{} \`\textomega{} \ux{\`ω} {\`w `w} } \\ x1F7D \Cases{ ώ \accoxia\textomega{} \'\textomega{} \ux{\'ω} {\'w 'w} } \\ \\ x1F80 \Cases{ ᾀ \accpsili\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{} \>\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\>α\ypogegrammeni{}} {\>a| >a|} } \\ x1F81 \Cases{ ᾁ \accdasia\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{} \<\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\<α\ypogegrammeni{}} {\`\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\>`α\ypogegrammeni{}} {\>`a| >`a|} } \\ x1F83 \Cases{ ᾃ \accdasiavaria\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{} \<`\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\<`α\ypogegrammeni{}} {\<`a| <`a|} } \\ x1F84 \Cases{ ᾄ \accpsilioxia\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{} \>'\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\>'α\ypogegrammeni{}} {\>'a| >'a|} } \\ x1F85 \Cases{ ᾅ \accdasiaoxia\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{} \<'\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\<'α\ypogegrammeni{}} {\<'a| <'a|} } \\ x1F86 \Cases{ ᾆ \accpsiliperispomeni\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{} \~>\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\~>α\ypogegrammeni{}} {\>~a| >~a|} } \\ x1F87 \Cases{ ᾇ \accdasiaperispomeni\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{} \~<\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\~<α\ypogegrammeni{}} {\<~a| <~a|} } \\ x1F88 \Cases{ ᾈ \accpsili\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{} \>\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\>Α\ypogegrammeni{}} {\>A| >A|} } \\ x1F89 \Cases{ ᾉ \accdasia\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{} \<\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\<Α\ypogegrammeni{}} {\`\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\>`Α\ypogegrammeni{}} {\>`A| >`A|} } \\ x1F8B \Cases{ ᾋ \accdasiavaria\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{} \<`\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\<`Α\ypogegrammeni{}} {\<`A| <`A|} } \\ x1F8C \Cases{ ᾌ \accpsilioxia\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{} \>'\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\>'Α\ypogegrammeni{}} {\>'A| >'A|} } \\ x1F8D \Cases{ ᾍ \accdasiaoxia\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{} \<'\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\<'Α\ypogegrammeni{}} {\<'A| <'A|} } \\ x1F8E \Cases{ ᾎ \accpsiliperispomeni\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{} \~>\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\~>Α\ypogegrammeni{}} {\>~A| >~A|} } \\ x1F8F \Cases{ ᾏ \accdasiaperispomeni\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{} \~<\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\~<Α\ypogegrammeni{}} {\<~A| <~A|} } \\ \\ x1F90 \Cases{ ᾐ \accpsili\texteta\ypogegrammeni{} \>\texteta\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\>η\ypogegrammeni{}} {\>h| >h|} } \\ x1F91 \Cases{ ᾑ \accdasia\texteta\ypogegrammeni{} \<\texteta\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\<η\ypogegrammeni{}} {\`\texteta\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\>`η\ypogegrammeni{}} {\>`h| >`h|} } \\ x1F93 \Cases{ ᾓ \accdasiavaria\texteta\ypogegrammeni{} \<`\texteta\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\<`η\ypogegrammeni{}} {\<`h| <`h|} } \\ x1F94 \Cases{ ᾔ \accpsilioxia\texteta\ypogegrammeni{} \>'\texteta\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\>'η\ypogegrammeni{}} {\>'h| >'h|} } \\ x1F95 \Cases{ ᾕ \accdasiaoxia\texteta\ypogegrammeni{} \<'\texteta\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\<'η\ypogegrammeni{}} {\<'h| <'h|} } \\ x1F96 \Cases{ ᾖ \accpsiliperispomeni\texteta\ypogegrammeni{} \~>\texteta\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\~>η\ypogegrammeni{}} {\>~h| >~h|} } \\ x1F97 \Cases{ ᾗ \accdasiaperispomeni\texteta\ypogegrammeni{} \~<\texteta\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\~<η\ypogegrammeni{}} {\<~h| <~h|} } \\ x1F98 \Cases{ ᾘ \accpsili\textEta\ypogegrammeni{} \>\textEta\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\>Η\ypogegrammeni{}} {\>H| >H|} } \\ x1F99 \Cases{ ᾙ \accdasia\textEta\ypogegrammeni{} \<\textEta\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\<Η\ypogegrammeni{}} {\`\textEta\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\>`Η\ypogegrammeni{}} {\>`H| >`H|} } \\ x1F9B \Cases{ ᾛ \accdasiavaria\textEta\ypogegrammeni{} \<`\textEta\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\<`Η\ypogegrammeni{}} {\<`H| <`H|} } \\ x1F9C \Cases{ ᾜ \accpsilioxia\textEta\ypogegrammeni{} \>'\textEta\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\>'Η\ypogegrammeni{}} {\>'H| >'H|} } \\ x1F9D \Cases{ ᾝ \accdasiaoxia\textEta\ypogegrammeni{} \<'\textEta\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\<'Η\ypogegrammeni{}} {\<'H| <'H|} } \\ x1F9E \Cases{ ᾞ \accpsiliperispomeni\textEta\ypogegrammeni{} \~>\textEta\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\~>Η\ypogegrammeni{}} {\>~H| >~H|} } \\ x1F9F \Cases{ ᾟ \accdasiaperispomeni\textEta\ypogegrammeni{} \~<\textEta\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\~<Η\ypogegrammeni{}} {\<~H| <~H|} } \\ \\ x1FA0 \Cases{ ᾠ \accpsili\textomega\ypogegrammeni{} \>\textomega\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\>ω\ypogegrammeni{}} {\>w| >w|} } \\ x1FA1 \Cases{ ᾡ \accdasia\textomega\ypogegrammeni{} \<\textomega\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\<ω\ypogegrammeni{}} {\`\textomega\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\>`ω\ypogegrammeni{}} {\>`w| >`w|} } \\ x1FA3 \Cases{ ᾣ \accdasiavaria\textomega\ypogegrammeni{} \<`\textomega\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\<`ω\ypogegrammeni{}} {\<`w| <`w|} } \\ x1FA4 \Cases{ ᾤ \accpsilioxia\textomega\ypogegrammeni{} \>'\textomega\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\>'ω\ypogegrammeni{}} {\>'w| >'w|} } \\ x1FA5 \Cases{ ᾦ \accdasiaoxia\textomega\ypogegrammeni{} \<'\textomega\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\<'ω\ypogegrammeni{}} {\<'w| <'w|} } \\ x1FA6 \Cases{ ᾧ \accpsiliperispomeni\textomega\ypogegrammeni{} \~>\textomega\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\~>ω\ypogegrammeni{}} {\>~w| >~w|} } \\ x1FA7 \Cases{ ᾥ \accdasiaperispomeni\textomega\ypogegrammeni{} \~<\textomega\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\~<ω\ypogegrammeni{}} {\<~w| <~w|} } \\ x1FA8 \Cases{ ᾨ \accpsili\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{} \>\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\>Ω\ypogegrammeni{}} {\>W| >W|} } \\ x1FA9 \Cases{ ᾩ \accdasia\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{} \<\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\<Ω\ypogegrammeni{}} {\`\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\>`Ω\ypogegrammeni{}} {\>`W| >`W|} } \\ x1FAB \Cases{ ᾫ \accdasiavaria\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{} \<`\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\<`Ω\ypogegrammeni{}} {\<`W| <`W|} } \\ x1FAC \Cases{ ᾬ \accpsilioxia\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{} \>'\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\>'Ω\ypogegrammeni{}} {\>'W| >'W|} } \\ x1FAD \Cases{ ᾭ \accdasiaoxia\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{} \<'\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\<'Ω\ypogegrammeni{}} {\<'W| <'W|} } \\ x1FAE \Cases{ ᾮ \accpsiliperispomeni\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{} \~>\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\~>Ω\ypogegrammeni{}} {\>~W| >~W|} } \\ x1FAF \Cases{ ᾯ \accdasiaperispomeni\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{} \~<\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\~<Ω\ypogegrammeni{}} {\<~W| <~W|} } \\ \\ x1FB0 \Cases{ ᾰ \u\textalpha{} \u\textalpha{} \ux{\u{α}} {\u{a} \u{a}} } \\ x1FB1 \Cases{ ᾱ \=\textalpha{} \=\textalpha{} \ux{\=α} {\=a \=a} } \\ x1FB2 \Cases{ ᾲ \accvaria\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{} \`\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\`α\ypogegrammeni{}} {\`a| `a|} } \\ x1FB3 \Cases{ ᾳ \textalpha\ypogegrammeni{} \textalpha\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{α\ypogegrammeni{}} {a| a|} } \\ x1FB4 \Cases{ ᾴ \accoxia\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{} \'\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\'α\ypogegrammeni{}} {\'a| 'a|} } \\ x1FB6 \Cases{ ᾶ \accperispomeni\textalpha{} \~\textalpha{} \ux{\~α} {\~a ~a} } \\ x1FB7 \Cases{ ᾷ \accperispomeni\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{} \~\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\~α\ypogegrammeni{}} {\~a| ~a|} } \\ x1FB8 \Cases{ Ᾰ \u\textAlpha{} \u\textAlpha{} \ux{\u{Α}} {\u{A} \u{A}} } \\ x1FB9 \Cases{ Ᾱ \=\textAlpha{} \=\textAlpha{} \ux{\=Α} {\=A \=A} } \\ x1FBA \Cases{ Ὰ \accvaria\textAlpha{} \`\textAlpha{} \ux{\`Α} {\`A `A} } \\ x1FBB \Cases{ Ά \accoxia\textAlpha{} \'\textAlpha{} \ux{\'Α} {\'A 'A} } \\ x1FBC \Cases{ ᾼ \textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{} \textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{Α\ypogegrammeni{}} {A| A|} } \\ x1FBD \Cases{ ᾽ \accpsili{} \>{} \ux{\>{}} {\>{} >} } \\ x1FBE \Cases{ ι \prosgegrammeni{} \prosgegrammeni{} \ux{\prosgegrammeni{}} {| |} } \\ x1FBF \Cases{ ᾿ \accpsili{} \>{} \ux{\>{}} {\>{} >} } \\ \\ x1FC0 \Cases{ ῀ \accperispomeni{} \~{} \ux{\~{}} {\~{} ~} } \\ x1FC1 \Cases{ ῁ \accdialytikaperispomeni{} \"\~{} \ux{\"\~{} \~\"{}} {\"~{} "~} } \\ x1FC2 \Cases{ ῂ \accvaria\texteta\ypogegrammeni{} \`\texteta\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\`η\ypogegrammeni{}} {\`h| `h|} } \\ x1FC3 \Cases{ ῃ \texteta\ypogegrammeni{} \texteta\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{η\ypogegrammeni{}} {h| h|} } \\ x1FC4 \Cases{ ῄ \accoxia\texteta\ypogegrammeni{} \'\texteta\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\'η\ypogegrammeni{}} {\'h| 'h|} } \\ x1FC6 \Cases{ ῆ \accperispomeni\texteta{} \~\texteta{} \ux{\~η} {\~h ~h} } \\ x1FC7 \Cases{ ῇ \accperispomeni\texteta\ypogegrammeni{} \~\texteta\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{\~η\ypogegrammeni{}} {\~h| ~h|} } \\ x1FC8 \Cases{ Ὲ \accvaria\textEpsilon{} \`\textEpsilon{} \ux{\`Ε} {\`E `E} } \\ x1FC9 \Cases{ Έ \accoxia\textEpsilon{} \'\textEpsilon{} \ux{\'Ε} {\'E 'E} } \\ x1FCA \Cases{ Ὴ \accvaria\textEta{} \`\textEta{} \ux{\`Η} {\`H `H} } \\ x1FCB \Cases{ Ή \accoxia\textEta{} \'\textEta{} \ux{\'Η} {\'H 'H} } \\ x1FCC \Cases{ ῌ \textEta\ypogegrammeni{} \textEta\ypogegrammeni{} \ux{Η\ypogegrammeni{}} {H| H|} } \\ x1FCD \Cases{ ῍ \accpsilivaria{} \>`{} \ux{\>`{} \`>{}} {\>`{} >`} } \\ x1FCE \Cases{ ῎ \accpsilioxia{} \>'{} \ux{\>'{} \'>{}} {\>'{} >'} } \\ x1FCF \Cases{ ῏ \accpsiliperispomeni{} \~>{} \ux{\>~{} \~>{}} {\~>{} ~>} } \\ \\ x1FD0 \Cases{ ῐ \u\textiota{} \u\textiota{} \ux{\u{ι}} {\u{i} \u{i}} } \\ x1FD1 \Cases{ ῑ \=\textiota{} \=\textiota{} \ux{\=ι} {\=i \=i} } \\ x1FD2 \Cases{ ῒ \accdialytikavaria\textiota{} \`"\textiota{} \ux{\`"ι \"`ι \`\"ι \"\`ι} {\`"i `"i} } \\ x1FD3 \Cases{ ΐ \accdialytikatonos\textiota{} \'"\textiota{} \ux{\'"ι \"'ι \'\"ι \"\'ι} {\'"i '"i} } \\ x1FD6 \Cases{ ῖ \accperispomeni\textiota{} \~\textiota{} \ux{\~ι } {\~i ~i} } \\ x1FD7 \Cases{ ῗ \accdialytikaperispomeni\textiota{} \~"\textiota{} \ux{\~"ι \"~ι \~\"ι \"\~ι} {\~"i ~"i} } \\ x1FD8 \Cases{ Ῐ \u\textIota{} \u\textIota{} \ux{\u{Ι}} {\u{I} \u{I}} } \\ x1FD9 \Cases{ Ῑ \=\textIota{} \=\textIota{} \ux{\=Ι} {\=I \=I} } \\ x1FDA \Cases{ Ὶ \accvaria\textIota{} \`\textIota{} \ux{\`Ι} {\`I `I} } \\ x1FDB \Cases{ Ί \accoxia\textIota{} \'\textIota{} \ux{\'Ι} {\'I 'I} } \\ x1FDD \Cases{ ῝ \accdasiavaria{} \<`{} \ux{\<`{} \`<{}} {\<`{} <`} } \\ x1FDE \Cases{ ῞ \accdasiaoxia{} \<'{} \ux{\<'{} \'<{}} {\<'{} <'} } \\ x1FDF \Cases{ ῟ \accdasiaperispomeni{} \~<{} \ux{\<~{} \~<{}} {\~<{} ~<} } \\ \\ x1FE0 \Cases{ ῠ \u\textupsilon{} \u\textupsilon{} \ux{\u{υ}} {\u{u} } } \\ x1FE1 \Cases{ ῡ \=\textupsilon{} \=\textupsilon{} \ux{\=υ} {\=u } } \\ x1FE2 \Cases{ ῢ \accdialytikavaria\textupsilon{} \`"\textupsilon{} \ux{\`"υ \"`υ \`\"υ \"\`υ} {\`"u \"`u \`\"u \"\`u `"u "`u} } \\ x1FE3 \Cases{ ΰ \accdialytikatonos\textupsilon{} \'"\textupsilon{} \ux{\'"υ \"'υ \'\"υ \"\'υ} {\'"u \"'u \'\"u \"\'u '"u "'u} } \\ x1FE4 \Cases{ ῤ \accpsili\textrho{} \>\textrho{} \ux{\>ρ} {\>r >r } } \\ x1FE5 \Cases{ ῥ \accdasia\textrho{} \<\textrho{} \ux{\<ρ} {\}). \subsubsection{Sigma, final sigma, and ``autosigma''} There are two variants of the lower case letter \emph{sigma}. The lowercasing \ensuregreek{Σ} should select a final sigma at the end of a word: \ensuregreek{ΣΣ $\mapsto$ \MakeLowercase{ΣΣ}}. Since 2022, \cs{MakeLowercase} selects the correct sigma variant for a literal Sigma under Xe/LuaTeX, too. The \cs{textSigma} \emph{macro} is mapped to \verb|\textautosigma| which under 8-bit TeX prints the sigma variant according to its position but, unfortunately, fails with Unicode fonts: \ensuregreek{\textSigma\textSigma{} → \MakeLowercase{\textSigma\textSigma}}. In LGR, you can add a ZWNJ or use the \verb|\noboundary| macro to prevent the conversion to a final sigma: \ensuregreek{\MakeLowercase{ΣΣ‌}}. \subsubsection{% The one-letter word \ifx\captionsgreek\captionspolutonikogreek \emph{ἢ} \else \emph{ή} \fi (or)} For disambiguation, the Greek word \emph{or} (ή / ἢ) keeps diacritics in UPPERCASE: \TestUppercase{ή Ή ἢ Ἢ ἤ Ἤ }.\footnote{ TODO: The polytonic variant with dasia and oxia used in ἢ … ἤ (\emph{either … or}) drops diacritics! By mistake, omission, or intent?} \noindent However, eta drops diacritics if it is part of a word: \TestUppercase{ήτοι, Ήτοι, επιταγή ἤτοι, Ἤτοι}.% \footnote{TODO: It seems the test is only for whitespace on both sides: \TestUppercase{ή, Ή. ἢ; Ἢ} } \smallskip\noindent TODO: The 2022 MakeUppercase handles this for literal input. Currently, this feature is not supported with other input methods. \subsection{Case conversion if the locale is \emph{not} Greek} In order to fix upcasing for Greek, babel-greek maps standard accent macros to ``capital'' versions.\footnote{% In case of problems, these mappings can be disabled with the \texttt{local-MakeUppercase-fixes} language modifier.} The default expansion ensures that accents are kept on Latin letters: \'a \`a \~a \"a → \MakeUppercase{\'a \`a \~a \"a}.% \footnote{If the Language is set to Greek, this works unless the font encoding is 8-bit LGR (where Latin letters are interpreted as Latin transliteration anyway): \Greek{\'u \`u \~u \"u \ensureascii{\'u} → \MakeUppercase{\'u \`u \~u \"u \ensureascii{\'u}}}.} Some characters from the “Greek and Coptic” and “Greek extended” Unicode blocks have no pre-composed uppercase equivalent. Since 2022, upcasing them led to compiling errors under pdfLaTeX. This is fixed in the 2023 LaTeX release by mapping the affected characters to macro representations before case conversions: with pdfLaTeX, diacritics are dropped from literal characters without pre-composed uppercase equivalent also if the text language is \emph{not} Greek, with Xe/LuaTeX, combining charactes are used (and may overlap with the base letter). ΐΰὐὒὔὖᾶᾷῆῇῒΐῖῗῢΰῤῦῧῶῷ → \MakeUppercase{ΐΰὐὒὔὖᾶᾷῆῇῒΐῖῗῢΰῤῦῧῶῷ} \subsection{Symbol variants} Several Greek letters have alternative representations which may have a different semantic in a mathematical context. Unicode reserves code points for the alternative representations (naming them ``symbol'' as opposed to ``letter''). Some of these symbols are available as \cs{var} macros in TeX's mathematical mode. In text, they are considered typographical variants without special meaning. The 8-bit LGR font encoding does not allocate code points for them. \emph{Babel-greek} and the \emph{% \href{http://mirrors.ctan.org/language/greek/greek-fontenc/textalpha-doc.pdf} {textalpha}} package provide the \texttt{normalize-symbols} option (ignored with Xe/LuaTeX) that is also used in this test document. \smallskip\noindent Test the handling of symbol variants in text literal letter, LICR, \cs{var}, \cs{symbol}, literal symbol: \newcommand{\symbolvariants}{ β\textbeta \textvarbeta \textbetasymbol ϐ ε\textepsilon \textvarepsilon \textepsilonsymbol ϵ θ\texttheta \textvartheta \textthetasymbol ϑ Θ\textTheta \textvarTheta \textThetasymbol ϴ κ\textkappa \textvarkappa \textkappasymbol ϰ π\textpi \textvarpi \textpisymbol ϖ ρ\textrho \textvarrho \textrhosymbol ϱ φ\textphi \textvarphi \textphisymbol ϕ } \noindent No case change \begin{quote} \Greek{\symbolvariants} \end{quote} % MakeUppercase selects the matching capital letter: \begin{center} \Greek{\MakeUppercase{\symbolvariants}} \end{center} \noindent MakeLowercase selects the lowercase letter (not the symbol): \begin{quote} \Greek{ \MakeLowercase{\textBeta Β \textEpsilon Ε \textTheta Θ \textThetasymbol \textvarTheta ϴ \textKappa Κ \textPi Π \textRho Ρ \textPhi Φ}}. \end{quote} LGR provides two lowercase variants of the archaic letter \emph{stigma}. Both map to GREEK LETTER STIGMA \ensuregreek{Ϛ}. The lowercase of \ensuregreek{Ϛ} is \ensuregreek{\MakeLowercase{Ϛ}} (\verb|\textstigma|), not \verb|\textvarstigma|% \ifdefined \UnicodeEncodingName \else (\ensuregreek\textvarstigma)% \fi . \subsection{Hiatus} Tonos and psili mark a \emph{hiatus} (break-up) if placed on the first of two vowels that would otherwise form a diphthong. A dialytika must be placed on the second vowel if they are dropped: \begin{quote} \TestUppercase{άι άυ έι ἄι ἄυ ἔι ἀυ} (literal) \TestUppercase{\acctonos\textalpha\textiota{} \acctonos\textalpha\textupsilon{} \acctonos\textepsilon\textiota{} \accpsilioxia\textalpha\textiota{} \accpsilioxia\textalpha\textupsilon{} \accpsilioxia\textepsilon\textiota{} \accpsili\textalpha\textupsilon{} } (named+LICR) \TestUppercase{\'\textalpha\textiota{} \'\textalpha\textupsilon{} \'\textepsilon\textiota{} \>'\textalpha\textiota{} \>'\textalpha\textupsilon{} \>'\textepsilon\textiota{} \>\textalpha\textupsilon{} } (short+LICR) \TestUppercase{\ux{\'αι \'αυ \'ει \>'αι \>'αυ \>'ει \>αυ} {\'ai \'au \'ei \>'ai \>'au \>'ei \>au} } (short+\ux{literal}{transliteration}) \TestUppercase{\ux{\'>αι \'>αυ \'>ει \'\>αι \'\>αυ \'\>ει} {\'>ai \'>au \'>ei \'\>ai \'\>au \'\>ei} } (short+\ux{literal}{transliteration}, reversed) \end{quote} The ``hiatus feature'' does not work with the LGR ``input ligatures''. Support for monotonic literal charactes came with the 2022 \cs{MakeUppercase} implementation changes. Since 2023 it also works with polytonic literals (\TestUppercase{ἀυπνία}). % Very occasionally, one will see "internal breathings" in transliterations of % foreign names, e.g., \TestUppercase{Ἀβραἅμ} for Abraham. % The remainder is only relevant with 8-bit TeX: \ux{\end{document}}{} Test the auto-hiatus feature for side-effects: \Greek{\MakeUppercase{\'α β}} (must keep space after Α). Kerning (compare with source): \newcommand*\md{\textcompwordmark} \newcommand*\MU{\MakeUppercase} \begin{quote} \selectlanguage{greek} \raggedright \md \MU{ AO AY AI AU RA OA UA DU} [ \\ \<\md \MU{ \\md \MU{ \>AO \>AY \>AI \>AU \>RA \>OA U\>A D\>U} [ \\ \>'\md\MU{ \>'AO \>'AY \>'AI \>'AU \>'RA \>'OA U\>'A D\>'U} [ \\ \'\md \MU{ \'AO \'AY \'AI \'AU \'RA \'OA U\'A D\'U} [ \\ \>`\md\MU{ \>`AO \>`AY \>`AI \>`AU \>`RA \>`OA U\>`A D\>`U} [ \\ \<'\md\MU{ \<'AO \<'AY \<'AI \<'AU \<'RA \<'OA U\<'A D\<'U} [ \\ \`\md \MU{ \`AO \`AY \`AI \`AU \`RA \`OA U\`A D\`U} [ \\ \<`\md\MU{ \<`AO \<`AY \<`AI \<`AU \<`RA \<`OA U\<`A D\<`U} [ \\ \~\md \MU{ \~AO \~AY \~AI \~AU \~RA \~OA U\~A D\~U} [ \\ \~>\md\MU{ \~>AO \~>AY \~>AI \~>AU \~>RA \~>OA U\~>A D\~>U} [ \\ \~<\md\MU{ \~ are suppressed in uppercase. This affects other uses of these characters: \begin{quote} \TestUppercase{\lgrfont{(( ` ' ~ < > ))}}\qquad \TestUppercase{\lgrfont{``x''}} \end{quote} Workaround: use literal typographical quote characters or ``french'' quotes: \begin{quote} \TestUppercase{\lgrfont{‘x’}} \qquad \TestUppercase{\lgrfont{((x))}} \end{quote} To keep side-effects to a minimum, breathings, combined accents and varia are dropped only with the language variants \emph{polutoniko} or \emph{ancient} as they are not required with monotonic Greek (the current language variant is \GreekLanguageVariant). \item The uppercase of spacing composite diacritics including a dialytika \verb|"~ "` "'| appears as apostrophe, as a single \verb|"| stands for an apostrophe in the LGR transliteration if followed by a space or empty character. \item With the pre-2022 \cs{MakeUppercase}, the input order is important in combined accents involving the dialytika, e.g., \verb|'"i "'i| is upcased \Greek{'"i "'i → \MakeUppercase{'"i "'i}}. \end{itemize} \end{document}