\documentclass[a4paper]{article}


\ifdefined \UnicodeEncodingName
  \usepackage{fontspec}
  \setmainfont{FreeSerif}
  % \setmainfont{Linux Libertine O}
  \ifdefined\luatexversion
    \newcommand*{\texengine}{LuaLaTeX}
  \else
    \newcommand*{\texengine}{XeLaTeX}
  \fi
  \newcommand*{\ux}[2]{#1}
\else
  \usepackage[LGR,T1]{fontenc}
  \usepackage{lmodern}
  \newcommand*{\texengine}{pdfLaTeX}
  \newcommand*{\ux}[2]{#2}
\fi


% Load encoding definitions
\usepackage[normalize-symbols]{textalpha}  % "Greek script everywhere"

% With TL22, the special handling of Greek UPPERCASE is only triggered
% if the text language is set to "greek" with Babel:
\usepackage[greek%.local-MakeUppercase-fixes % uncomment to test modifier
            ,english]{babel}  % babel-greek
\languageattribute{greek}{polutoniko}  % "modern" polytonic Greek
% \languageattribute{greek}{ancient}

% Babel's Greek "ini" doesn't drop diacritics input via standard accent macros
% \usepackage[greek,english,provide*=*]{babel}

\usepackage[unicode,colorlinks,linkcolor=blue]{hyperref}
\usepackage{bookmark}

\usepackage{longtable}
\setcounter{LTchunksize}{60}

% don't lowercase the font encoding names (T1, LGR, ...)
\ifdefined \AddToNoCaseChangeList % new in 2022
  \AddToNoCaseChangeList{\fontencoding}
\fi

% Auxiliary commands

\ifdefined \extrasgreek % babel-greek loaded
  \newcommand*{\Greek}{\foreignlanguage{greek}}
\else
  \newcommand*{\Greek}{\ensuregreek}
  \newcommand*{\lgrfont}{\fontencoding{LGR}\selectfont}
\fi

\providecommand*{\greekfontencoding}{undefined}

\newcommand{\cs}[1]{\texttt{\textbackslash#1}}

% print the selected language variant
\newcommand*{\GreekLanguageVariant}{%
  \ifx\captionsgreek\captionsancientgreek
    ancient%
  \else
    \ifx\captionsgreek\captionspolutonikogreek
      polutoniko%
    \else
      monotoniko%
    \fi
  \fi
}

% one line in a case-change test table
\newcommand*{\Cases}[1]{%
  & \Greek{#1} & \Greek{\MakeUppercase{#1}} & \Greek{\MakeLowercase{#1}}
}

\newcommand*{\TestUppercase}[1]{%
  \Greek{#1 → \MakeUppercase{#1}}%
}

% % Test: pre-composed characters with LuaTeX
% \ifdefined\luatexversion
%   \DeclareUnicodeComposite{\'}{Α}  {"0386} % Ά
% \fi

% -----------------------------------------------------------------------

\begin{document}

\title{Greek characters supported by \emph{greek-fontenc}}
\author{Günter Milde}
\maketitle

\abstract{ \noindent This document lists all Greek characters that are
supported by \emph{greek-fontenc}. It also tests the outcome of
\cs{MakeUppercase} and \cs{MakeLowercase} for different input variants
(literal input, LICR%
  \footnote{LaTeX internal character representation}
macro, Latin transliteration).

\makeatletter
The document is compiled with \texengine,
format version \fmtversion{} patch-level \patch@level{},
and the L3 programming layer from \ExplFileDate{}.
\makeatother

\ifdefined \extrasgreek % babel-greek loaded
  The \emph{babel-greek} version is ``\csname ver@greek.ldf\endcsname''.
\fi

The \verb|\greekfontencoding| is \greekfontencoding{} and
the current language variant is \emph\GreekLanguageVariant.

}

\tableofcontents

\section{Input Variants}

The columns represent the following input variants:

\begin{enumerate}
  \item literal character
  \item named accent macro + LICR
  \item short accent macro + LICR
  \item short accent macro + \ux{literal character} % Xe/LuaTeX
                                {transliteration}   % pdfTeX
  \item \ux{short accent macro (reversed order) + literal character}
           {accent character   + transliteration}
\end{enumerate}

For composite diacritics, there are additional columns for short macros
in reversed order and with the second diacritic as accent macro.

\section{Greek and Coptic}

Characters from the Greek and Coptic Unicode block that are supported by
\emph{greek-fontenc} and \emph{greek-inputenc}:

\begin{longtable}{llll}
  x0374 \Cases{ ʹ  \textdexiakeraia{}                                                                 } \\
  x0375 \Cases{ ͵  \textaristerikeraia{}                                                              } \\
  x037A \Cases{ ͺ  { }\ypogegrammeni{}               { }\ypogegrammeni{}  \ux{ͺ}            {|     |} } \\
  0x37E \Cases{ ;  \texterotimatiko{}                \texterotimatiko{}   \ux{;}            {?     ?} } \\
                                                                                                        \\
  x0384 \Cases{ ΄  \acctonos{ }                      \'{ }                \ux{΄}          {\'{}    '} } \\
  x0385 \Cases{ ΅  \accdialytikatonos{ }             \"'{ }               \ux{\"'{}}     {\"'{}   "'} } \\
  x0386 \Cases{ Ά  \acctonos\textAlpha{}             \'\textAlpha{}       \ux{\'Α}        {\'A    'A} } \\
  x0387 \Cases{ ·  \textanoteleia{}                  \textanoteleia{}     \ux{·}            {;     ;} } \\
  x0388 \Cases{ Έ  \acctonos\textEpsilon{}           \'\textEpsilon{}     \ux{\'Ε}        {\'E    'E} } \\
  x0389 \Cases{ Ή  \acctonos\textEta{}               \'\textEta{}         \ux{\'Η}        {\'H    'H} } \\
  x038A \Cases{ Ί  \acctonos\textIota{}              \'\textIota{}        \ux{\'Ι}        {\'I    'I} } \\
  x038C \Cases{ Ό  \acctonos\textOmicron{}           \'\textOmicron{}     \ux{\'Ο}        {\'O    'O} } \\
  x038E \Cases{ Ύ  \acctonos\textUpsilon{}           \'\textUpsilon{}     \ux{\'Υ}        {\'U    'U} } \\
  x038F \Cases{ Ώ  \acctonos\textOmega{}             \'\textOmega{}       \ux{\'Ω}        {\'W    'W} } \\
                                                                                                        \\
  x0390 \Cases{ ΐ  \accdialytikatonos\textiota{}     \'"\textiota{}       \ux{\'"ι \"'ι \'\"ι \"\'ι} {\'"i \"'i \'\"i \"\'i '"i "'i} } \\
  x0391 \Cases{ Α  \textAlpha{}                      \textAlpha{}         \ux{Α}                     {A                       A    } } \\
  x0392 \Cases{ Β  \textBeta{}                       \textBeta{}          \ux{Β}                     {B                       B    } } \\
  x0393 \Cases{ Γ  \textGamma{}                      \textGamma{}         \ux{Γ}                     {G                       G    } } \\
  x0394 \Cases{ Δ  \textDelta{}                      \textDelta{}         \ux{Δ}                     {D                       D    } } \\
  x0395 \Cases{ Ε  \textEpsilon{}                    \textEpsilon{}       \ux{Ε}                     {E                       E    } } \\
  x0396 \Cases{ Ζ  \textZeta{}                       \textZeta{}          \ux{Ζ}                     {Z                       Z    } } \\
  x0397 \Cases{ Η  \textEta{}                        \textEta{}           \ux{Η}                     {H                       H    } } \\
  x0398 \Cases{ Θ  \textTheta{}                      \textTheta{}         \ux{Θ}                     {J                       J    } } \\
  x0399 \Cases{ Ι  \textIota{}                       \textIota{}          \ux{Ι}                     {I                       I    } } \\
  x039A \Cases{ Κ  \textKappa{}                      \textKappa{}         \ux{Κ}                     {K                       K    } } \\
  x039B \Cases{ Λ  \textLambda{}                     \textLambda{}        \ux{Λ}                     {L                       L    } } \\
  x039C \Cases{ Μ  \textMu{}                         \textMu{}            \ux{Μ}                     {M                       M    } } \\
  x039D \Cases{ Ν  \textNu{}                         \textNu{}            \ux{Ν}                     {N                       N    } } \\
  x039E \Cases{ Ξ  \textXi{}                         \textXi{}            \ux{Ξ}                     {X                       X    } } \\
  x039F \Cases{ Ο  \textOmicron{}                    \textOmicron{}       \ux{Ο}                     {O                       O    } } \\
                                                                                                                                       \\
  0x3A0 \Cases{ Π  \textPi{}                         \textPi{}            \ux{Π}                     {P                       P    } } \\
  0x3A1 \Cases{ Ρ  \textRho{}                        \textRho{}           \ux{Ρ}                     {R                       R    } } \\
  0x3A3 \Cases{ Σ  \textSigma{}                      \textSigma{}         \ux{Σ}                     {S                       S    } } \\
  0x3A4 \Cases{ Τ  \textTau{}                        \textTau{}           \ux{Τ}                     {T                       T    } } \\
  0x3A5 \Cases{ Υ  \textUpsilon{}                    \textUpsilon{}       \ux{Υ}                     {U                       U    } } \\
  0x3A6 \Cases{ Φ  \textPhi{}                        \textPhi{}           \ux{Φ}                     {F                       F    } } \\
  0x3A7 \Cases{ Χ  \textChi{}                        \textChi{}           \ux{Χ}                     {Q                       Q    } } \\
  0x3A8 \Cases{ Ψ  \textPsi{}                        \textPsi{}           \ux{Ψ}                     {Y                       Y    } } \\
  0x3A9 \Cases{ Ω  \textOmega{}                      \textOmega{}         \ux{Ω}                     {W                       W    } } \\
  0x3AA \Cases{ Ϊ  \accdialytika\textIota{}          \"\textIota{}        \ux{\"Ι}                   {\"I                    "I    } } \\
  0x3AB \Cases{ Ϋ  \accdialytika\textUpsilon{}       \"\textUpsilon{}     \ux{\"Υ}                   {\"U                    "U    } } \\
  0x3AC \Cases{ ά  \acctonos\textalpha{}             \'\textalpha{}       \ux{\'α}                   {\'a                    'a    } } \\
  0x3AD \Cases{ έ  \acctonos\textepsilon{}           \'\textepsilon{}     \ux{\'ε}                   {\'e                    'e    } } \\
  0x3AE \Cases{ ή  \acctonos\texteta{}               \'\texteta{}         \ux{\'η}                   {\'h                    'h    } } \\
  0x3AF \Cases{ ί  \acctonos\textiota{}              \'\textiota{}        \ux{\'ι}                   {\'i                    'i    } } \\
                                                                                                   	                               \\
  x03B0 \Cases{ ΰ  \accdialytikatonos\textupsilon{}  \"'\textupsilon{}    \ux{\"'υ \'"υ \'\"υ \"\'υ} {\'"u \"'u \'\"u \"\'u '"u "'u} } \\
  x03B1 \Cases{ α  \textalpha{}                      \textalpha{}         \ux{α}                     {a                      a     } } \\
  x03B2 \Cases{ β  \textbeta{}                       \textbeta{}          \ux{β}                     {b                      b     } } \\
  x03B3 \Cases{ γ  \textgamma{}                      \textgamma{}         \ux{γ}                     {g                      g     } } \\
  x03B4 \Cases{ δ  \textdelta{}                      \textdelta{}         \ux{δ}                     {d                      d     } } \\
  x03B5 \Cases{ ε  \textepsilon{}                    \textepsilon{}       \ux{ε}                     {e                      e     } } \\
  x03B6 \Cases{ ζ  \textzeta{}                       \textzeta{}          \ux{ζ}                     {z                      z     } } \\
  x03B7 \Cases{ η  \texteta{}                        \texteta{}           \ux{η}                     {h                      h     } } \\
  x03B8 \Cases{ θ  \texttheta{}                      \texttheta{}         \ux{θ}                     {j                      j     } } \\
  x03B9 \Cases{ ι  \textiota{}                       \textiota{}          \ux{ι}                     {i                      i     } } \\
  x03BA \Cases{ κ  \textkappa{}                      \textkappa{}         \ux{κ}                     {k                      k     } } \\
  x03BB \Cases{ λ  \textlambda{}                     \textlambda{}        \ux{λ}                     {l                      l     } } \\
  x03BC \Cases{ μ  \textmu{}                         \textmu{}            \ux{μ}                     {m                      m     } } \\
  x03BD \Cases{ ν  \textnu{}                         \textnu{}            \ux{ν}                     {n                      n     } } \\
  x03BE \Cases{ ξ  \textxi{}                         \textxi{}            \ux{ξ}                     {x                      x     } } \\
  x03BF \Cases{ ο  \textomicron{}                    \textomicron{}       \ux{ο}                     {o                      o     } } \\
                                                                                                                                       \\
  x03C0 \Cases{ π  \textpi{}                         \textpi{}            \ux{π}                     {p                      p     } } \\
  x03C1 \Cases{ ρ  \textrho{}                        \textrho{}           \ux{ρ}                     {r                      r     } } \\
  x03C2 \Cases{ ς  \textfinalsigma{}                 \textfinalsigma{}    \ux{ς}                     {s                      s     } } \\
  x03C3 \Cases{ σ  \textsigma{}                      \textsigma{}         \ux{σ}                     {s\textcompwordmark{}  sv     } } \\
  x03C4 \Cases{ τ  \texttau{}                        \texttau{}           \ux{τ}                     {t                      t     } } \\
  x03C5 \Cases{ υ  \textupsilon{}                    \textupsilon{}       \ux{υ}                     {u                      u     } } \\
  x03C6 \Cases{ φ  \textphi{}                        \textphi{}           \ux{φ}                     {f                      f     } } \\
  x03C7 \Cases{ χ  \textchi{}                        \textchi{}           \ux{χ}                     {q                      q     } } \\
  x03C8 \Cases{ ψ  \textpsi{}                        \textpsi{}           \ux{ψ}                     {y                      y     } } \\
  x03C9 \Cases{ ω  \textomega{}                      \textomega{}         \ux{ω}                     {w                      w     } } \\
  x03CA \Cases{ ϊ  \accdialytika\textiota{}          \"\textiota{}        \ux{\"ι}                   {\"i                   "i     } } \\
  x03CB \Cases{ ϋ  \accdialytika\textupsilon{}       \"\textupsilon{}     \ux{\"υ}                   {\"u                   "u     } } \\
  x03CC \Cases{ ό  \acctonos\textomicron{}           \'\textomicron{}     \ux{\'ο}                   {\'o                   'o     } } \\
  x03CD \Cases{ ύ  \acctonos\textupsilon{}           \'\textupsilon{}     \ux{\'υ}                   {\'u                   'u     } } \\
  x03CE \Cases{ ώ  \acctonos\textomega{}             \'\textomega{}       \ux{\'ω }                  {\'w                   'w     } } \\
                                                                                                        		    	       \\
  x03D0 \Cases{ ϐ  \textbetasymbol                                                                                                   } \\
  x03D1 \Cases{ ϑ  \textthetasymbol                                                                                                  } \\
  x03D5 \Cases{ ϕ  \textphisymbol                                                                                                    } \\
  x03D6 \Cases{ ϖ  \textpisymbol                                                                                                     } \\
  x03D8 \Cases{ Ϙ  \textQoppa{}                                                                                                      } \\
  x03D9 \Cases{ ϙ  \textqoppa{}                                                                                                      } \\
  x03DA \Cases{ Ϛ  \textStigma{}                                                                                                     } \\
  x03DB \Cases{ ϛ  \textstigma{}                                                                                                     } \\
  x03DC \Cases{ Ϝ  \textDigamma{}                                                                                                    } \\
  x03DD \Cases{ ϝ  \textdigamma{}                                                                                                    } \\
  x03DE \Cases{ Ϟ  \textKoppa{}                                                                                                      } \\
  x03DF \Cases{ ϟ  \textkoppa{}                                                                                                      } \\
                                                                                                                                       \\
  x03E0 \Cases{ Ϡ  \textSampi{}                                                                                                      } \\
  x03E1 \Cases{ ϡ  \textsampi{}                                                                                                      } \\
                                                                                                                                       \\
  x03F0 \Cases{ ϰ  \textkappasymbol                                                                                                  } \\
  x03F1 \Cases{ ϱ  \textrhosymbol                                                                                                    } \\
  x03F4 \Cases{ ϴ  \textThetasymbol                                                                                                  } \\
  x03F5 \Cases{ ϵ  \textepsilonsymbol                                                                                                } \\
\end{longtable}


% ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
\section{Greek extended}

\begin{longtable}{llll}
  x1F00 \Cases{ ἀ  \accpsili\textalpha{}                           \>\textalpha{}                 \ux{\>α                   }{\>a                         >a} } \\
  x1F01 \Cases{ ἁ  \accdasia\textalpha{}                           \<\textalpha{}                 \ux{\<α                   }{\<a                         <a} } \\
  x1F02 \Cases{ ἂ  \accpsilivaria\textalpha{}                      \>`\textalpha{}                \ux{\>`α \`>α \>\`α \`\>α} {\>`a  \`>a \>\`a \`\>a >`a `>a} } \\
  x1F03 \Cases{ ἃ  \accdasiavaria\textalpha{}                      \<`\textalpha{}                \ux{\<`α \`<α \<\`α \`\<α} {\<`a  \`<a \<\`a \`\<a <`a `<a} } \\
  x1F04 \Cases{ ἄ  \accpsilioxia\textalpha{}                       \>'\textalpha{}                \ux{\>'α \'>α \>\'α \'\>α} {\>'a  \'>a \>\'a \'\>a >'a '>a} } \\
  x1F05 \Cases{ ἅ  \accdasiaoxia\textalpha{}                       \<'\textalpha{}                \ux{\<'α \'<α \<\'α \'\<α} {\<'a  \'<a \<\'a \'\<a <'a '<a} } \\
  x1F06 \Cases{ ἆ  \accpsiliperispomeni\textalpha{}                \~>\textalpha{}                \ux{\>~α \~>α \>\~α \~\>α} {\>~a  \~>a \>\~a \~\>a >~a ~>a} } \\
  x1F07 \Cases{ ἇ  \accdasiaperispomeni\textalpha{}                \~<\textalpha{}                \ux{\<~α \~<α \<\~α \~\<α} {\<~a  \~<a \<\~a \~\<a <~a ~<a} } \\
  x1F08 \Cases{ Ἀ  \accpsili\textAlpha{}                           \>\textAlpha{}                 \ux{\>Α                  } {\>A                         >A} } \\
  x1F09 \Cases{ Ἁ  \accdasia\textAlpha{}                           \<\textAlpha{}                 \ux{\<Α                  } {\<A                         <A} } \\
  x1F0A \Cases{ Ἂ  \accpsilivaria\textAlpha{}                      \>`\textAlpha{}                \ux{\>`Α \`>Α \>\`Α \`\>Α} {\>`A  \`>A \>\`A \`\>A >`A `>A} } \\
  x1F0B \Cases{ Ἃ  \accdasiavaria\textAlpha{}                      \<`\textAlpha{}                \ux{\<`Α \`<Α \<\`Α \`\<Α} {\<`A  \`<A \<\`A \`\<A <`A `<A} } \\
  x1F0C \Cases{ Ἄ  \accpsilioxia\textAlpha{}                       \>'\textAlpha{}                \ux{\>'Α \'>Α \>\'Α \'\>Α} {\>'A  \'>A \>\'A \'\>A >'A '>A} } \\
  x1F0D \Cases{ Ἅ  \accdasiaoxia\textAlpha{}                       \<'\textAlpha{}                \ux{\<'Α \'<Α \<\'Α \'\<Α} {\<'A  \'<A \<\'A \'\<A <'A '<A} } \\
  x1F0E \Cases{ Ἆ  \accpsiliperispomeni\textAlpha{}                \~>\textAlpha{}                \ux{\>~Α \~>Α \>\~Α \~\>Α} {\>~A  \~>A \>\~A \~\>A >~A ~>A} } \\
  x1F0F \Cases{ Ἇ  \accdasiaperispomeni\textAlpha{}                \~<\textAlpha{}                \ux{\<~Α \~<Α \<\~Α \~\<Α} {\<~A  \~<A \<\~A \~\<A <~A ~<A} } \\
                                                                                                                                             \\
  x1F10 \Cases{ ἐ  \accpsili\textepsilon{}                         \>\textepsilon{}               \ux{\>ε                  } {\>e    >e}   } \\
  x1F11 \Cases{ ἑ  \accdasia\textepsilon{}                         \<\textepsilon{}               \ux{\<ε                  } {\<e    <e}   } \\
  x1F12 \Cases{ ἒ  \accpsilivaria\textepsilon{}                    \>`\textepsilon{}              \ux{\>`ε \`>ε \>\`ε \`\>ε} {\>`e  >`e}   } \\
  x1F13 \Cases{ ἓ  \accdasiavaria\textepsilon{}                    \<`\textepsilon{}              \ux{\<`ε \`<ε \<\`ε \`\<ε} {\<`e  <`e}   } \\
  x1F14 \Cases{ ἔ  \accpsilioxia\textepsilon{}                     \>'\textepsilon{}              \ux{\>'ε \'>ε \>\'ε \'\>ε} {\>'e  >'e}   } \\
  x1F15 \Cases{ ἕ  \accdasiaoxia\textepsilon{}                     \<'\textepsilon{}              \ux{\<'ε \'<ε \<\'ε \'\<ε} {\<'e  <'e}   } \\
  x1F18 \Cases{ Ἐ  \accpsili\textEpsilon{}                         \>\textEpsilon{}               \ux{\>Ε                  } {\>E    >E}   } \\
  x1F19 \Cases{ Ἑ  \accdasia\textEpsilon{}                         \<\textEpsilon{}               \ux{\<Ε                  } {\<E    <E}   } \\
  x1F1A \Cases{ Ἒ  \accpsilivaria\textEpsilon{}                    \>`\textEpsilon{}              \ux{\>`Ε \`>Ε \>\`Ε \`\>Ε} {\>`E  >`E}   } \\
  x1F1B \Cases{ Ἓ  \accdasiavaria\textEpsilon{}                    \<`\textEpsilon{}              \ux{\<`Ε \`<Ε \<\`Ε \`\<Ε} {\<`E  <`E}   } \\
  x1F1C \Cases{ Ἔ  \accpsilioxia\textEpsilon{}                     \>'\textEpsilon{}              \ux{\>'Ε \'>Ε \>\'Ε \'\>Ε} {\>'E  >'E}   } \\
  x1F1D \Cases{ Ἕ  \accdasiaoxia\textEpsilon{}                     \<'\textEpsilon{}              \ux{\<'Ε \'<Ε \<\'Ε \'\<Ε} {\<'E  <'E}   } \\
                                                                                                                                             \\
  x1F20 \Cases{ ἠ  \accpsili\texteta{}                             \>\texteta{}                   \ux{\>η                  } {\>h   >h}    } \\
  x1F21 \Cases{ ἡ  \accdasia\texteta{}                             \<\texteta{}                   \ux{\<η                  } {\<h   <h}    } \\
  x1F22 \Cases{ ἢ  \accpsilivaria\texteta{}                        \>`\texteta{}                  \ux{\>`η \`>η \>\`η \`\>η} {\>`h  >`h}   } \\
  x1F23 \Cases{ ἣ  \accdasiavaria\texteta{}                        \<`\texteta{}                  \ux{\<`η \`<η \<\`η \`\<η} {\<`h  <`h}   } \\
  x1F24 \Cases{ ἤ  \accpsilioxia\texteta{}                         \>'\texteta{}                  \ux{\>'η \'>η \>\'η \'\>η} {\>'h  >'h}   } \\
  x1F25 \Cases{ ἥ  \accdasiaoxia\texteta{}                         \<'\texteta{}                  \ux{\<'η \'<η \<\'η \'\<η} {\<'h  <'h}   } \\
  x1F26 \Cases{ ἦ  \accpsiliperispomeni\texteta{}                  \~>\texteta{}                  \ux{\>~η \~>η \>\~η \~\>η} {\>~h  >~h}   } \\
  x1F27 \Cases{ ἧ  \accdasiaperispomeni\texteta{}                  \~<\texteta{}                  \ux{\<~η \~<η \<\~η \~\<η} {\<~h  <~h}   } \\
  x1F28 \Cases{ Ἠ  \accpsili\textEta{}                             \>\textEta{}                   \ux{\>Η                  } {\>H   >H}    } \\
  x1F29 \Cases{ Ἡ  \accdasia\textEta{}                             \<\textEta{}                   \ux{\<Η                  } {\<H   <H}    } \\
  x1F2A \Cases{ Ἢ  \accpsilivaria\textEta{}                        \>`\textEta{}                  \ux{\>`Η \`>Η \>\`Η \`\>Η} {\>`H  >`H}   } \\
  x1F2B \Cases{ Ἣ  \accdasiavaria\textEta{}                        \<`\textEta{}                  \ux{\<`Η \`<Η \<\`Η \`\<Η} {\<`H  <`H}   } \\
  x1F2C \Cases{ Ἤ  \accpsilioxia\textEta{}                         \>'\textEta{}                  \ux{\'>Η \'>Η \'\>Η \'\>Η} {\>'H  >'H}   } \\
  x1F2D \Cases{ Ἥ  \accdasiaoxia\textEta{}                         \<'\textEta{}                  \ux{\<'Η \'<Η \<\'Η \'\<Η} {\<'H  <'H}   } \\
  x1F2E \Cases{ Ἦ  \accpsiliperispomeni\textEta{}                  \~>\textEta{}                  \ux{\>~Η \~>Η \>\~Η \~\>Η} {\>~H  >~H}   } \\
  x1F2F \Cases{ Ἧ  \accdasiaperispomeni\textEta{}                  \~<\textEta{}                  \ux{\<~Η \~<Η \<\~Η \~\<Η} {\<~H  <~H}   } \\
                                                                                                                                             \\
  x1F30 \Cases{ ἰ  \accpsili\textiota{}                            \>\textiota{}                  \ux{\>ι}                   {\>i   >i}    } \\
  x1F31 \Cases{ ἱ  \accdasia\textiota{}                            \<\textiota{}                  \ux{\<ι}                   {\<i   <i}    } \\
  x1F32 \Cases{ ἲ  \accpsilivaria\textiota{}                       \>`\textiota{}                 \ux{\>`ι \`>ι}             {\>`i  >`i}   } \\
  x1F33 \Cases{ ἳ  \accdasiavaria\textiota{}                       \<`\textiota{}                 \ux{\<`ι \`<ι}             {\<`i  <`i}   } \\
  x1F34 \Cases{ ἴ  \accpsilioxia\textiota{}                        \>'\textiota{}                 \ux{\>'ι \'>ι}             {\>'i  >'i}   } \\
  x1F35 \Cases{ ἵ  \accdasiaoxia\textiota{}                        \<'\textiota{}                 \ux{\<'ι \'<ι}             {\<'i  <'i}   } \\
  x1F36 \Cases{ ἶ  \accpsiliperispomeni\textiota{}                 \~>\textiota{}                 \ux{\>~ι \~>ι}             {\>~i  >~i}   } \\
  x1F37 \Cases{ ἷ  \accdasiaperispomeni\textiota{}                 \~<\textiota{}                 \ux{\<~ι \~<ι}             {\<~i  <~i}   } \\
  x1F38 \Cases{ Ἰ  \accpsili\textIota{}                            \>\textIota{}                  \ux{\>Ι}                   {\>I   >I}    } \\
  x1F39 \Cases{ Ἱ  \accdasia\textIota{}                            \<\textIota{}                  \ux{\<Ι}                   {\<I   <I}    } \\
  x1F3A \Cases{ Ἲ  \accpsilivaria\textIota{}                       \>`\textIota{}                 \ux{\>`Ι \`>Ι}             {\>`I  >`I}   } \\
  x1F3B \Cases{ Ἳ  \accdasiavaria\textIota{}                       \<`\textIota{}                 \ux{\<`Ι \`<Ι}             {\<`I  <`I}   } \\
  x1F3C \Cases{ Ἴ  \accpsilioxia\textIota{}                        \>'\textIota{}                 \ux{\>'Ι \'>Ι}             {\>'I  >'I}   } \\
  x1F3D \Cases{ Ἵ  \accdasiaoxia\textIota{}                        \<'\textIota{}                 \ux{\<'Ι \'<Ι}             {\<'I  <'I}   } \\
  x1F3E \Cases{ Ἶ  \accpsiliperispomeni\textIota{}                 \~>\textIota{}                 \ux{\>~Ι \~>Ι}             {\>~I  >~I}   } \\
  x1F3F \Cases{ Ἷ  \accdasiaperispomeni\textIota{}                 \~<\textIota{}                 \ux{\<~Ι \~<Ι}             {\<~I  <~I}   } \\
                                                                                                                                             \\
  x1F40 \Cases{ ὀ  \accpsili\textomicron{}                         \>\textomicron{}               \ux{\>ο}                   {\>o   >o}    } \\
  x1F41 \Cases{ ὁ  \accdasia\textomicron{}                         \<\textomicron{}               \ux{\<ο}                   {\<o   <o}    } \\
  x1F42 \Cases{ ὂ  \accpsilivaria\textomicron{}                    \>`\textomicron{}              \ux{\>`ο \`>ο}             {\>`o  >`o}   } \\
  x1F43 \Cases{ ὃ  \accdasiavaria\textomicron{}                    \<`\textomicron{}              \ux{\<`ο \`<ο}             {\<`o  <`o}   } \\
  x1F44 \Cases{ ὄ  \accpsilioxia\textomicron{}                     \>'\textomicron{}              \ux{\>'ο \'>ο}             {\>'o  >'o}   } \\
  x1F45 \Cases{ ὅ  \accdasiaoxia\textomicron{}                     \<'\textomicron{}              \ux{\<'ο \'<ο}             {\<'o  <'o}   } \\
  x1F48 \Cases{ Ὀ  \accpsili\textOmicron{}                         \>\textOmicron{}               \ux{\>Ο}                   {\>O   >O}    } \\
  x1F49 \Cases{ Ὁ  \accdasia\textOmicron{}                         \<\textOmicron{}               \ux{\<Ο}                   {\<O   <O}    } \\
  x1F4A \Cases{ Ὂ  \accpsilivaria\textOmicron{}                    \>`\textOmicron{}              \ux{\>`Ο \`>Ο}             {\>`O  >`O}   } \\
  x1F4B \Cases{ Ὃ  \accdasiavaria\textOmicron{}                    \<`\textOmicron{}              \ux{\<`Ο \`<Ο}             {\<`O  <`O}   } \\
  x1F4C \Cases{ Ὄ  \accpsilioxia\textOmicron{}                     \>'\textOmicron{}              \ux{\>'Ο \'>Ο}             {\>'O  >'O}   } \\
  x1F4D \Cases{ Ὅ  \accdasiaoxia\textOmicron{}                     \<'\textOmicron{}              \ux{\<'Ο \'<Ο}             {\<'O  <'O}   } \\
                                                                                                                                             \\
  x1F50 \Cases{ ὐ  \accpsili\textupsilon{}                         \>\textupsilon{}               \ux{\>υ}                   {\>u   >u}    } \\
  x1F51 \Cases{ ὑ  \accdasia\textupsilon{}                         \<\textupsilon{}               \ux{\<υ}                   {\<u   <u}    } \\
  x1F52 \Cases{ ὒ  \accpsilivaria\textupsilon{}                    \>`\textupsilon{}              \ux{\>`υ \`>υ}             {\>`u  >`u}   } \\
  x1F53 \Cases{ ὓ  \accdasiavaria\textupsilon{}                    \<`\textupsilon{}              \ux{\<`υ \`<υ}             {\<`u  <`u}   } \\
  x1F54 \Cases{ ὔ  \accpsilioxia\textupsilon{}                     \>'\textupsilon{}              \ux{\>'υ \'>υ}             {\>'u  >'u}   } \\
  x1F55 \Cases{ ὕ  \accdasiaoxia\textupsilon{}                     \<'\textupsilon{}              \ux{\<'υ \'<υ}             {\<'u  <'u}   } \\
  x1F56 \Cases{ ὖ  \accpsiliperispomeni\textupsilon{}              \~>\textupsilon{}              \ux{\>~υ \~>υ}             {\>~u  >~u}   } \\
  x1F57 \Cases{ ὗ  \accdasiaperispomeni\textupsilon{}              \~<\textupsilon{}              \ux{\<~υ \~<υ}             {\<~u  <~u}   } \\
  x1F59 \Cases{ Ὑ  \accdasia\textUpsilon{}                         \<\textUpsilon{}               \ux{\<Υ}                   {\<U   <U}    } \\
  x1F5B \Cases{ Ὓ  \accdasiavaria\textUpsilon{}                    \<`\textUpsilon{}              \ux{\<`Υ \`<Υ}             {\<`U  <`U}   } \\
  x1F5D \Cases{ Ὕ  \accdasiaoxia\textUpsilon{}                     \<'\textUpsilon{}              \ux{\<'Υ \'<Υ}             {\<'U  <'U}   } \\
  x1F5F \Cases{ Ὗ  \accdasiaperispomeni\textUpsilon{}              \~<\textUpsilon{}              \ux{\<~Υ \~<Υ}             {\<~U  <~U}   } \\
                                                                                                                                             \\
  x1F60 \Cases{ ὠ  \accpsili\textomega{}                           \>\textomega{}                 \ux{\>ω}                   {\>w   >w}    } \\
  x1F61 \Cases{ ὡ  \accdasia\textomega{}                           \<\textomega{}                 \ux{\<ω}                   {\<w   <w}    } \\
  x1F62 \Cases{ ὢ  \accpsilivaria\textomega{}                      \>`\textomega{}                \ux{\>`ω \`>ω}             {\>`w  >`w}   } \\
  x1F63 \Cases{ ὣ  \accdasiavaria\textomega{}                      \<`\textomega{}                \ux{\<`ω \`<ω}             {\<`w  <`w}   } \\
  x1F64 \Cases{ ὤ  \accpsilioxia\textomega{}                       \>'\textomega{}                \ux{\>'ω \'>ω}             {\>'w  >'w}   } \\
  x1F65 \Cases{ ὥ  \accdasiaoxia\textomega{}                       \<'\textomega{}                \ux{\<'ω \'<ω}             {\<'w  <'w}   } \\
  x1F66 \Cases{ ὦ  \accpsiliperispomeni\textomega{}                \~>\textomega{}                \ux{\>~ω \~>ω}             {\>~w  >~w}   } \\
  x1F67 \Cases{ ὧ  \accdasiaperispomeni\textomega{}                \~<\textomega{}                \ux{\<~ω \~<ω}             {\<~w  <~w}   } \\
  x1F68 \Cases{ Ὠ  \accpsili\textOmega{}                           \>\textOmega{}                 \ux{\>Ω}                   {\>W   >W}    } \\
  x1F69 \Cases{ Ὡ  \accdasia\textOmega{}                           \<\textOmega{}                 \ux{\<Ω}                   {\<W   <W}    } \\
  x1F6A \Cases{ Ὢ  \accpsilivaria\textOmega{}                      \>`\textOmega{}                \ux{\>`Ω \`>Ω}             {\>`W  >`W}   } \\
  x1F6B \Cases{ Ὣ  \accdasiavaria\textOmega{}                      \<`\textOmega{}                \ux{\<`Ω \`<Ω}             {\<`W  <`W}   } \\
  x1F6C \Cases{ Ὤ  \accpsilioxia\textOmega{}                       \>'\textOmega{}                \ux{\>'Ω \'>Ω}             {\>'W  >'W}   } \\
  x1F6D \Cases{ Ὥ  \accdasiaoxia\textOmega{}                       \<'\textOmega{}                \ux{\<'Ω \'<Ω}             {\<'W  <'W}   } \\
  x1F6E \Cases{ Ὦ  \accpsiliperispomeni\textOmega{}                \~>\textOmega{}                \ux{\>~Ω \~>Ω}             {\>~W  >~W}   } \\
  x1F6F \Cases{ Ὧ  \accdasiaperispomeni\textOmega{}                \~<\textOmega{}                \ux{\<~Ω \~<Ω}             {\<~W  <~W}   } \\
                                                                                                                                             \\
  x1F70 \Cases{ ὰ  \accvaria\textalpha{}                           \`\textalpha{}                 \ux{\`α}                   {\`a   `a}    } \\
  x1F71 \Cases{ ά  \accoxia\textalpha{}                            \'\textalpha{}                 \ux{\'α}                   {\'a   'a}    } \\
  x1F72 \Cases{ ὲ  \accvaria\textepsilon{}                         \`\textepsilon{}               \ux{\`ε}                   {\`e   `e}    } \\
  x1F73 \Cases{ έ  \accoxia\textepsilon{}                          \'\textepsilon{}               \ux{\'ε}                   {\'e   'e}    } \\
  x1F74 \Cases{ ὴ  \accvaria\texteta{}                             \`\texteta{}                   \ux{\`η}                   {\`h   `h}    } \\
  x1F75 \Cases{ ή  \accoxia\texteta{}                              \'\texteta{}                   \ux{\'η}                   {\'h   'h}    } \\
  x1F76 \Cases{ ὶ  \accvaria\textiota{}                            \`\textiota{}                  \ux{\`ι}                   {\`i   `i}    } \\
  x1F77 \Cases{ ί  \accoxia\textiota{}                             \'\textiota{}                  \ux{\'ι}                   {\'i   'i}    } \\
  x1F78 \Cases{ ὸ  \accvaria\textomicron{}                         \`\textomicron{}               \ux{\`ο}                   {\`o   `o}    } \\
  x1F79 \Cases{ ό  \accoxia\textomicron{}                          \'\textomicron{}               \ux{\'ο}                   {\'o   'o}    } \\
  x1F7A \Cases{ ὺ  \accvaria\textupsilon{}                         \`\textupsilon{}               \ux{\`υ}                   {\`u   `u}    } \\
  x1F7B \Cases{ ύ  \accoxia\textupsilon{}                          \'\textupsilon{}               \ux{\'υ}                   {\'u   'u}    } \\
  x1F7C \Cases{ ὼ  \accvaria\textomega{}                           \`\textomega{}                 \ux{\`ω}                   {\`w   `w}    } \\
  x1F7D \Cases{ ώ  \accoxia\textomega{}                            \'\textomega{}                 \ux{\'ω}                   {\'w   'w}    } \\
                                                                                                                                             \\
  x1F80 \Cases{ ᾀ  \accpsili\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{}             \>\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{}   \ux{\>α\ypogegrammeni{}}   {\>a|  >a|}   } \\
  x1F81 \Cases{ ᾁ  \accdasia\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{}             \<\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{}   \ux{\<α\ypogegrammeni{}}   {\<a|  <a|}   } \\
  x1F82 \Cases{ ᾂ  \accpsilivaria\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{}        \>`\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{}  \ux{\>`α\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\>`a| >`a|}  } \\
  x1F83 \Cases{ ᾃ  \accdasiavaria\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{}        \<`\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{}  \ux{\<`α\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\<`a| <`a|}  } \\
  x1F84 \Cases{ ᾄ  \accpsilioxia\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{}         \>'\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{}  \ux{\>'α\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\>'a| >'a|}  } \\
  x1F85 \Cases{ ᾅ  \accdasiaoxia\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{}         \<'\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{}  \ux{\<'α\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\<'a| <'a|}  } \\
  x1F86 \Cases{ ᾆ  \accpsiliperispomeni\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{}  \~>\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{}  \ux{\~>α\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\>~a| >~a|}  } \\
  x1F87 \Cases{ ᾇ  \accdasiaperispomeni\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{}  \~<\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{}  \ux{\~<α\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\<~a| <~a|}  } \\
  x1F88 \Cases{ ᾈ  \accpsili\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{}             \>\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{}   \ux{\>Α\ypogegrammeni{}}   {\>A|  >A|}   } \\
  x1F89 \Cases{ ᾉ  \accdasia\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{}             \<\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{}   \ux{\<Α\ypogegrammeni{}}   {\<A|  <A|}   } \\
  x1F8A \Cases{ ᾊ  \accpsilivaria\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{}        \>`\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{}  \ux{\>`Α\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\>`A| >`A|}  } \\
  x1F8B \Cases{ ᾋ  \accdasiavaria\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{}        \<`\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{}  \ux{\<`Α\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\<`A| <`A|}  } \\
  x1F8C \Cases{ ᾌ  \accpsilioxia\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{}         \>'\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{}  \ux{\>'Α\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\>'A| >'A|}  } \\
  x1F8D \Cases{ ᾍ  \accdasiaoxia\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{}         \<'\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{}  \ux{\<'Α\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\<'A| <'A|}  } \\
  x1F8E \Cases{ ᾎ  \accpsiliperispomeni\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{}  \~>\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{}  \ux{\~>Α\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\>~A| >~A|}  } \\
  x1F8F \Cases{ ᾏ  \accdasiaperispomeni\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{}  \~<\textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{}  \ux{\~<Α\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\<~A| <~A|}  } \\
                                                                                                                                             \\
  x1F90 \Cases{ ᾐ  \accpsili\texteta\ypogegrammeni{}               \>\texteta\ypogegrammeni{}     \ux{\>η\ypogegrammeni{}}   {\>h|  >h|}   } \\
  x1F91 \Cases{ ᾑ  \accdasia\texteta\ypogegrammeni{}               \<\texteta\ypogegrammeni{}     \ux{\<η\ypogegrammeni{}}   {\<h|  <h|}   } \\
  x1F92 \Cases{ ᾒ  \accpsilivaria\texteta\ypogegrammeni{}          \>`\texteta\ypogegrammeni{}    \ux{\>`η\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\>`h| >`h|}  } \\
  x1F93 \Cases{ ᾓ  \accdasiavaria\texteta\ypogegrammeni{}          \<`\texteta\ypogegrammeni{}    \ux{\<`η\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\<`h| <`h|}  } \\
  x1F94 \Cases{ ᾔ  \accpsilioxia\texteta\ypogegrammeni{}           \>'\texteta\ypogegrammeni{}    \ux{\>'η\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\>'h| >'h|}  } \\
  x1F95 \Cases{ ᾕ  \accdasiaoxia\texteta\ypogegrammeni{}           \<'\texteta\ypogegrammeni{}    \ux{\<'η\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\<'h| <'h|}  } \\
  x1F96 \Cases{ ᾖ  \accpsiliperispomeni\texteta\ypogegrammeni{}    \~>\texteta\ypogegrammeni{}    \ux{\~>η\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\>~h| >~h|}  } \\
  x1F97 \Cases{ ᾗ  \accdasiaperispomeni\texteta\ypogegrammeni{}    \~<\texteta\ypogegrammeni{}    \ux{\~<η\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\<~h| <~h|}  } \\
  x1F98 \Cases{ ᾘ  \accpsili\textEta\ypogegrammeni{}               \>\textEta\ypogegrammeni{}     \ux{\>Η\ypogegrammeni{}}   {\>H|  >H|}   } \\
  x1F99 \Cases{ ᾙ  \accdasia\textEta\ypogegrammeni{}               \<\textEta\ypogegrammeni{}     \ux{\<Η\ypogegrammeni{}}   {\<H|  <H|}   } \\
  x1F9A \Cases{ ᾚ  \accpsilivaria\textEta\ypogegrammeni{}          \>`\textEta\ypogegrammeni{}    \ux{\>`Η\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\>`H| >`H|}  } \\
  x1F9B \Cases{ ᾛ  \accdasiavaria\textEta\ypogegrammeni{}          \<`\textEta\ypogegrammeni{}    \ux{\<`Η\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\<`H| <`H|}  } \\
  x1F9C \Cases{ ᾜ  \accpsilioxia\textEta\ypogegrammeni{}           \>'\textEta\ypogegrammeni{}    \ux{\>'Η\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\>'H| >'H|}  } \\
  x1F9D \Cases{ ᾝ  \accdasiaoxia\textEta\ypogegrammeni{}           \<'\textEta\ypogegrammeni{}    \ux{\<'Η\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\<'H| <'H|}  } \\
  x1F9E \Cases{ ᾞ  \accpsiliperispomeni\textEta\ypogegrammeni{}    \~>\textEta\ypogegrammeni{}    \ux{\~>Η\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\>~H| >~H|}  } \\
  x1F9F \Cases{ ᾟ  \accdasiaperispomeni\textEta\ypogegrammeni{}    \~<\textEta\ypogegrammeni{}    \ux{\~<Η\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\<~H| <~H|}  } \\
                                                                                                                                             \\
  x1FA0 \Cases{ ᾠ  \accpsili\textomega\ypogegrammeni{}             \>\textomega\ypogegrammeni{}   \ux{\>ω\ypogegrammeni{}}   {\>w|  >w|}   } \\
  x1FA1 \Cases{ ᾡ  \accdasia\textomega\ypogegrammeni{}             \<\textomega\ypogegrammeni{}   \ux{\<ω\ypogegrammeni{}}   {\<w|  <w|}   } \\
  x1FA2 \Cases{ ᾢ  \accpsilivaria\textomega\ypogegrammeni{}        \>`\textomega\ypogegrammeni{}  \ux{\>`ω\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\>`w| >`w|}  } \\
  x1FA3 \Cases{ ᾣ  \accdasiavaria\textomega\ypogegrammeni{}        \<`\textomega\ypogegrammeni{}  \ux{\<`ω\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\<`w| <`w|}  } \\
  x1FA4 \Cases{ ᾤ  \accpsilioxia\textomega\ypogegrammeni{}         \>'\textomega\ypogegrammeni{}  \ux{\>'ω\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\>'w| >'w|}  } \\
  x1FA5 \Cases{ ᾦ  \accdasiaoxia\textomega\ypogegrammeni{}         \<'\textomega\ypogegrammeni{}  \ux{\<'ω\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\<'w| <'w|}  } \\
  x1FA6 \Cases{ ᾧ  \accpsiliperispomeni\textomega\ypogegrammeni{}  \~>\textomega\ypogegrammeni{}  \ux{\~>ω\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\>~w| >~w|}  } \\
  x1FA7 \Cases{ ᾥ  \accdasiaperispomeni\textomega\ypogegrammeni{}  \~<\textomega\ypogegrammeni{}  \ux{\~<ω\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\<~w| <~w|}  } \\
  x1FA8 \Cases{ ᾨ  \accpsili\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{}             \>\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{}   \ux{\>Ω\ypogegrammeni{}}   {\>W|  >W|}   } \\
  x1FA9 \Cases{ ᾩ  \accdasia\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{}             \<\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{}   \ux{\<Ω\ypogegrammeni{}}   {\<W|  <W|}   } \\
  x1FAA \Cases{ ᾪ  \accpsilivaria\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{}        \>`\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{}  \ux{\>`Ω\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\>`W| >`W|}  } \\
  x1FAB \Cases{ ᾫ  \accdasiavaria\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{}        \<`\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{}  \ux{\<`Ω\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\<`W| <`W|}  } \\
  x1FAC \Cases{ ᾬ  \accpsilioxia\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{}         \>'\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{}  \ux{\>'Ω\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\>'W| >'W|}  } \\
  x1FAD \Cases{ ᾭ  \accdasiaoxia\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{}         \<'\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{}  \ux{\<'Ω\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\<'W| <'W|}  } \\
  x1FAE \Cases{ ᾮ  \accpsiliperispomeni\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{}  \~>\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{}  \ux{\~>Ω\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\>~W| >~W|}  } \\
  x1FAF \Cases{ ᾯ  \accdasiaperispomeni\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{}  \~<\textOmega\ypogegrammeni{}  \ux{\~<Ω\ypogegrammeni{}}  {\<~W| <~W|}  } \\
                                                                                                                                             \\
  x1FB0 \Cases{ ᾰ  \u\textalpha{}                                  \u\textalpha{}                 \ux{\u{α}}                 {\u{a} \u{a}} } \\
  x1FB1 \Cases{ ᾱ  \=\textalpha{}                                  \=\textalpha{}                 \ux{\=α}                   {\=a   \=a}   } \\
  x1FB2 \Cases{ ᾲ  \accvaria\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{}             \`\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{}   \ux{\`α\ypogegrammeni{}}   {\`a|  `a|}   } \\
  x1FB3 \Cases{ ᾳ  \textalpha\ypogegrammeni{}                      \textalpha\ypogegrammeni{}     \ux{α\ypogegrammeni{}}     {a|    a|}    } \\
  x1FB4 \Cases{ ᾴ  \accoxia\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{}              \'\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{}   \ux{\'α\ypogegrammeni{}}   {\'a|  'a|}   } \\
  x1FB6 \Cases{ ᾶ  \accperispomeni\textalpha{}                     \~\textalpha{}                 \ux{\~α}                   {\~a   ~a}    } \\
  x1FB7 \Cases{ ᾷ  \accperispomeni\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{}       \~\textalpha\ypogegrammeni{}   \ux{\~α\ypogegrammeni{}}   {\~a|  ~a|}   } \\
  x1FB8 \Cases{ Ᾰ  \u\textAlpha{}                                  \u\textAlpha{}                 \ux{\u{Α}}                 {\u{A} \u{A}} } \\
  x1FB9 \Cases{ Ᾱ  \=\textAlpha{}                                  \=\textAlpha{}                 \ux{\=Α}                   {\=A   \=A}   } \\
  x1FBA \Cases{ Ὰ  \accvaria\textAlpha{}                           \`\textAlpha{}                 \ux{\`Α}                   {\`A   `A}    } \\
  x1FBB \Cases{ Ά  \accoxia\textAlpha{}                            \'\textAlpha{}                 \ux{\'Α}                   {\'A   'A}    } \\
  x1FBC \Cases{ ᾼ  \textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{}                      \textAlpha\ypogegrammeni{}     \ux{Α\ypogegrammeni{}}     {A|    A|}    } \\
  x1FBD \Cases{ ᾽  \accpsili{}                                     \>{}                           \ux{\>{}}                  {\>{}  >}     } \\
  x1FBE \Cases{ ι  \prosgegrammeni{}                               \prosgegrammeni{}              \ux{\prosgegrammeni{}}     {|     |}     } \\
  x1FBF \Cases{ ᾿  \accpsili{}                                     \>{}                           \ux{\>{}}                  {\>{}  >}     } \\
                                                                                                                                             \\
  x1FC0 \Cases{ ῀  \accperispomeni{}                               \~{}                           \ux{\~{}}                  {\~{}  ~}     } \\
  x1FC1 \Cases{ ῁  \accdialytikaperispomeni{}                      \"\~{}                         \ux{\"\~{} \~\"{}}         {\"~{} "~}    } \\
  x1FC2 \Cases{ ῂ  \accvaria\texteta\ypogegrammeni{}               \`\texteta\ypogegrammeni{}     \ux{\`η\ypogegrammeni{}}   {\`h|  `h|}   } \\
  x1FC3 \Cases{ ῃ  \texteta\ypogegrammeni{}                        \texteta\ypogegrammeni{}       \ux{η\ypogegrammeni{}}     {h|    h|}    } \\
  x1FC4 \Cases{ ῄ  \accoxia\texteta\ypogegrammeni{}                \'\texteta\ypogegrammeni{}     \ux{\'η\ypogegrammeni{}}   {\'h|  'h|}   } \\
  x1FC6 \Cases{ ῆ  \accperispomeni\texteta{}                       \~\texteta{}                   \ux{\~η}                   {\~h   ~h}    } \\
  x1FC7 \Cases{ ῇ  \accperispomeni\texteta\ypogegrammeni{}         \~\texteta\ypogegrammeni{}     \ux{\~η\ypogegrammeni{}}   {\~h|  ~h|}   } \\
  x1FC8 \Cases{ Ὲ  \accvaria\textEpsilon{}                         \`\textEpsilon{}               \ux{\`Ε}                   {\`E   `E}    } \\
  x1FC9 \Cases{ Έ  \accoxia\textEpsilon{}                          \'\textEpsilon{}               \ux{\'Ε}                   {\'E   'E}    } \\
  x1FCA \Cases{ Ὴ  \accvaria\textEta{}                             \`\textEta{}                   \ux{\`Η}                   {\`H   `H}    } \\
  x1FCB \Cases{ Ή  \accoxia\textEta{}                              \'\textEta{}                   \ux{\'Η}                   {\'H   'H}    } \\
  x1FCC \Cases{ ῌ  \textEta\ypogegrammeni{}                        \textEta\ypogegrammeni{}       \ux{Η\ypogegrammeni{}}     {H|    H|}    } \\
  x1FCD \Cases{ ῍  \accpsilivaria{}                                \>`{}                          \ux{\>`{} \`>{}}           {\>`{} >`}    } \\
  x1FCE \Cases{ ῎  \accpsilioxia{}                                 \>'{}                          \ux{\>'{} \'>{}}           {\>'{} >'}    } \\
  x1FCF \Cases{ ῏  \accpsiliperispomeni{}                          \~>{}                          \ux{\>~{} \~>{}}           {\~>{} ~>}    } \\
                                                                                                                                             \\
  x1FD0 \Cases{ ῐ  \u\textiota{}                                   \u\textiota{}                  \ux{\u{ι}}                 {\u{i} \u{i}} } \\
  x1FD1 \Cases{ ῑ  \=\textiota{}                                   \=\textiota{}                  \ux{\=ι}                   {\=i   \=i}   } \\
  x1FD2 \Cases{ ῒ  \accdialytikavaria\textiota{}                   \`"\textiota{}                 \ux{\`"ι \"`ι \`\"ι \"\`ι} {\`"i  `"i}   } \\
  x1FD3 \Cases{ ΐ  \accdialytikatonos\textiota{}                   \'"\textiota{}                 \ux{\'"ι \"'ι \'\"ι \"\'ι} {\'"i  '"i}   } \\
  x1FD6 \Cases{ ῖ  \accperispomeni\textiota{}                      \~\textiota{}                  \ux{\~ι                  } {\~i   ~i}    } \\
  x1FD7 \Cases{ ῗ  \accdialytikaperispomeni\textiota{}             \~"\textiota{}                 \ux{\~"ι \"~ι \~\"ι \"\~ι} {\~"i  ~"i}   } \\
  x1FD8 \Cases{ Ῐ  \u\textIota{}                                   \u\textIota{}                  \ux{\u{Ι}}                 {\u{I} \u{I}} } \\
  x1FD9 \Cases{ Ῑ  \=\textIota{}                                   \=\textIota{}                  \ux{\=Ι}                   {\=I   \=I}   } \\
  x1FDA \Cases{ Ὶ  \accvaria\textIota{}                            \`\textIota{}                  \ux{\`Ι}                   {\`I   `I}    } \\
  x1FDB \Cases{ Ί  \accoxia\textIota{}                             \'\textIota{}                  \ux{\'Ι}                   {\'I   'I}    } \\
  x1FDD \Cases{ ῝  \accdasiavaria{}                                \<`{}                          \ux{\<`{} \`<{}}           {\<`{} <`}    } \\
  x1FDE \Cases{ ῞  \accdasiaoxia{}                                 \<'{}                          \ux{\<'{} \'<{}}           {\<'{} <'}    } \\
  x1FDF \Cases{ ῟  \accdasiaperispomeni{}                          \~<{}                          \ux{\<~{} \~<{}}           {\~<{} ~<}    } \\
                                                                                                                                             \\
  x1FE0 \Cases{ ῠ  \u\textupsilon{}                                \u\textupsilon{}               \ux{\u{υ}}                 {\u{u}                        } } \\
  x1FE1 \Cases{ ῡ  \=\textupsilon{}                                \=\textupsilon{}               \ux{\=υ}                   {\=u                          } } \\
  x1FE2 \Cases{ ῢ  \accdialytikavaria\textupsilon{}                \`"\textupsilon{}              \ux{\`"υ \"`υ \`\"υ \"\`υ} {\`"u \"`u \`\"u \"\`u `"u "`u} } \\
  x1FE3 \Cases{ ΰ  \accdialytikatonos\textupsilon{}                \'"\textupsilon{}              \ux{\'"υ \"'υ \'\"υ \"\'υ} {\'"u \"'u \'\"u \"\'u '"u "'u} } \\
  x1FE4 \Cases{ ῤ  \accpsili\textrho{}                             \>\textrho{}                   \ux{\>ρ}                   {\>r                    >r    } } \\
  x1FE5 \Cases{ ῥ  \accdasia\textrho{}                             \<\textrho{}                   \ux{\<ρ}                   {\<r                    <r    } } \\
  x1FE6 \Cases{ ῦ  \accperispomeni\textupsilon{}                   \~\textupsilon{}               \ux{\~υ}                   {\~u                    ~u    } } \\
  x1FE7 \Cases{ ῧ  \accdialytikaperispomeni\textupsilon{}          \~"\textupsilon{}              \ux{\~"υ \"~υ \~\"υ \"\~υ} {\~"u \"~u \~\"u \"\~u ~"u "~u} } \\
  x1FE8 \Cases{ Ῠ  \u\textUpsilon{}                                \u\textUpsilon{}               \ux{\u{Υ}}                 {\u{U} 	      	      \u{U}} } \\
  x1FE9 \Cases{ Ῡ  \=\textUpsilon{}                                \=\textUpsilon{}               \ux{\=Υ}                   {\=U   		        \=U} } \\
  x1FEA \Cases{ Ὺ  \accvaria\textUpsilon{}                         \`\textUpsilon{}               \ux{\`Υ}                   {\`U   		         `U} } \\
  x1FEB \Cases{ Ύ  \accoxia\textUpsilon{}                          \'\textUpsilon{}               \ux{\'Υ}                   {\'U                        'U} } \\
  x1FEC \Cases{ Ῥ  \accdasia\textRho{}                             \<\textRho{}                   \ux{\<Ρ}                   {\<R                        <R} } \\
  x1FED \Cases{ ῭  \accdialytikavaria{}                            \`"{}                          \ux{\`"{} \"`{}}           {\`"{}                      `"} } \\
  x1FEE \Cases{ ΅  \accdialytikatonos{}                            \'"{}                          \ux{\'"{} \"'{}}           {\'"{}                      '"} } \\
  x1FEF \Cases{ `  \accvaria{}                                     \`{}                           \ux{\`{}}                  {\`{}                        `} } \\
                                                                                                                                             \\
  x1FE3 \Cases{ ῲ  \accvaria\textomega\ypogegrammeni{}             \`\textomega\ypogegrammeni{}   \ux{\`ω\ypogegrammeni{}}   {\`w|  `w|}   } \\
  x1FE4 \Cases{ ῳ  \textomega\ypogegrammeni{}                      \textomega\ypogegrammeni{}     \ux{ω\ypogegrammeni{}}     {w|    w|}    } \\
  x1FE5 \Cases{ ῴ  \accoxia\textomega\ypogegrammeni{}              \'\textomega\ypogegrammeni{}   \ux{\'ω\ypogegrammeni{}}   {\'w|  'w|}   } \\
  x1FE6 \Cases{ ῶ  \accperispomeni\textomega{}                     \~\textomega{}                 \ux{\~ω}                   {\~w   ~w}    } \\
  x1FE7 \Cases{ ῷ  \accperispomeni\textomega\ypogegrammeni{}       \~\textomega\ypogegrammeni{}   \ux{\~ω\ypogegrammeni{}}   {\~w|  ~w|}   } \\
  x1FE8 \Cases{ Ὸ  \accvaria\textOmicron{}                         \`\textOmicron{}               \ux{\`Ο}                   {\`O   `O}    } \\
  x1FE9 \Cases{ Ό  \accoxia\textOmicron{}                          \'\textOmicron{}               \ux{\'Ο}                   {\'O   'O}    } \\
  x1FEA \Cases{ Ὼ  \accvaria\textOmega{}                           \`\textOmega{}                 \ux{\`Ω}                   {\`W   `W}    } \\
  x1FEB \Cases{ Ώ  \accoxia\textOmega{}                            \'\textOmega{}                 \ux{\'Ω}                   {\'W   'W}    } \\
  x1FEC \Cases{ ῼ  \textOmega\ypogegrammeni{}                      \textOmega\ypogegrammeni{}     \ux{Ω\ypogegrammeni{}}     {W|    W|}    } \\
  x1FED \Cases{ ´  \accoxia{}                                      \'{}                           \ux{\'{}}                  {\'{}  '}     } \\
  x1FEE \Cases{ ῾  \accdasia{}                                     \<{}                           \ux{\<{}}                  {\<{}  <}     }
\end{longtable}


\section{Discussion}

\subsection{Differences between literal input and LICRs}

Under pdfTeX and XeTeX, all input variants select pre-composed characters
if possible (\href{https://www.unicode.org/reports/tr15/}{Unicode
normalization} NFC).
Under luaTeX, accent macros on a literal character are printed using
combining diacritical marks. This leads to suboptimal placement of
diacritics with many fonts, often resulting in illegible output.

\subsubsection{Upcasing}

Up to 2022, diacritics were dropped from Greek letters in UPPERCASE in any
locale. The new \cs{MakeUppercase} implementation follows the Unicode
standard, where dropping diacritics is a feature of the Greek locale (``el'').

However, ``named'' accent macros with Greek names behave according to Greek
typsetting rules in \emph{all} locales.
The current implementation also drops diacritics input via standard accent
macros in documents that declare the Greek language with Babel.

Apart from the diacritical marks native to Greek itself, linguists also
regularly mark vowel length with macrons (¯) and breves (˘).
The length markers are used in dictionaries and textbooks
but not part of the Greek orthography. There is no established praxis
regarding their handling in uppercase. LaTeX keeps them but
the \href{https://icu.unicode.org/design/case/greek-upper}{%
Unicode reference implementation} drops them.

Greek stand-alone diacritics are dropped by \cs{MakeUppercase} if input via
accent macros (e.g. \cs{accdialytika} or \cs{'>}).


\subsubsection{Sigma, final sigma, and ``autosigma''}

There are two variants of the lower case letter \emph{sigma}.

The lowercasing \ensuregreek{Σ} should select a final sigma at the end of a
word: \ensuregreek{ΣΣ $\mapsto$ \MakeLowercase{ΣΣ}}.

Since 2022, \cs{MakeLowercase} selects the correct sigma variant for a
literal Sigma under Xe/LuaTeX, too.

The \cs{textSigma} \emph{macro} is mapped to \verb|\textautosigma| which
under 8-bit TeX prints the sigma variant according to its position but,
unfortunately, fails with Unicode fonts:
\ensuregreek{\textSigma\textSigma{} → \MakeLowercase{\textSigma\textSigma}}.

In LGR, you can add a ZWNJ or use the \verb|\noboundary| macro to prevent the
conversion to a final sigma: \ensuregreek{\MakeLowercase{ΣΣ‌}}.


\subsubsection{%
  The one-letter word
  \ifx\captionsgreek\captionspolutonikogreek
    \emph{ἢ}
  \else
    \emph{ή}
  \fi
  (or)}

For disambiguation, the Greek word \emph{or} (ή / ἢ) keeps diacritics in
UPPERCASE:

\TestUppercase{ή Ή ἢ Ἢ ἤ Ἤ }.\footnote{
  TODO: The polytonic variant with dasia and oxia used in
        ἢ … ἤ (\emph{either … or}) drops diacritics!
        By mistake, omission, or intent?}

\noindent However, eta drops diacritics if it is part of a word:
\TestUppercase{ήτοι, Ήτοι, επιταγή ἤτοι, Ἤτοι}.%
\footnote{TODO: It seems the test is only for whitespace on both sides:
  \TestUppercase{ή, Ή. ἢ; Ἢ}
  }

\smallskip\noindent
TODO: The 2022 MakeUppercase handles this for literal input.
Currently, this feature is not supported with other input methods.


\subsection{Case conversion if the locale is \emph{not} Greek}

In order to fix upcasing for Greek, babel-greek maps standard accent macros
to ``capital'' versions.\footnote{%
  In case of problems, these mappings can be disabled with the
  \texttt{local-MakeUppercase-fixes} language modifier.}
The default expansion ensures that accents are
kept on Latin letters: \'a \`a  \~a \"a → \MakeUppercase{\'a \`a \~a \"a}.%
\footnote{If the Language is set to Greek, this works unless the font encoding
  is 8-bit LGR (where Latin letters are interpreted as Latin transliteration
  anyway): \Greek{\'u \`u \~u \"u \ensureascii{\'u} →
                  \MakeUppercase{\'u \`u \~u \"u \ensureascii{\'u}}}.}

Some characters from the “Greek and Coptic” and “Greek extended” Unicode
blocks have no pre-composed uppercase equivalent. Since 2022, upcasing them
led to compiling errors under pdfLaTeX.
This is fixed in the 2023 LaTeX release by mapping the affected characters
to macro representations before case conversions:
with pdfLaTeX, diacritics are dropped from literal characters without
pre-composed uppercase equivalent also if the text language is \emph{not}
Greek, with Xe/LuaTeX, combining charactes are used (and may overlap with
the base letter).

ΐΰὐὒὔὖᾶᾷῆῇῒΐῖῗῢΰῤῦῧῶῷ → \MakeUppercase{ΐΰὐὒὔὖᾶᾷῆῇῒΐῖῗῢΰῤῦῧῶῷ}


\subsection{Symbol variants}

Several Greek letters have alternative representations which may have a
different semantic in a mathematical context.
Unicode reserves code points for the alternative representations
(naming them ``symbol'' as opposed to ``letter'').
Some of these symbols are available as \cs{var<name>} macros in TeX's
mathematical mode.

In text, they are considered typographical variants without special
meaning. The 8-bit LGR font encoding does not allocate code points for them.
\emph{Babel-greek} and the \emph{%
\href{http://mirrors.ctan.org/language/greek/greek-fontenc/textalpha-doc.pdf}
{textalpha}} package provide the \texttt{normalize-symbols} option
(ignored with Xe/LuaTeX) that is also used in this test document.

\smallskip\noindent
Test the handling of symbol variants in text

literal letter, LICR, \cs{var<name>}, \cs{<name>symbol}, literal symbol:

\newcommand{\symbolvariants}{
  β\textbeta    \textvarbeta    \textbetasymbol    ϐ
  ε\textepsilon \textvarepsilon \textepsilonsymbol ϵ
  θ\texttheta   \textvartheta   \textthetasymbol   ϑ
  Θ\textTheta   \textvarTheta   \textThetasymbol   ϴ
  κ\textkappa   \textvarkappa   \textkappasymbol   ϰ
  π\textpi      \textvarpi      \textpisymbol      ϖ
  ρ\textrho     \textvarrho     \textrhosymbol     ϱ
  φ\textphi     \textvarphi     \textphisymbol     ϕ
}

\noindent
No case change
\begin{quote}
  \Greek{\symbolvariants}
\end{quote}
%
MakeUppercase selects the matching capital letter:

\begin{center}
  \Greek{\MakeUppercase{\symbolvariants}}
\end{center}

\noindent
MakeLowercase selects the lowercase letter (not the symbol):
\begin{quote}
 \Greek{
  \MakeLowercase{\textBeta Β \textEpsilon Ε
                  \textTheta Θ \textThetasymbol \textvarTheta ϴ
                  \textKappa Κ \textPi Π \textRho Ρ \textPhi Φ}}.
\end{quote}
LGR provides two lowercase variants of the archaic letter \emph{stigma}.
Both map to GREEK LETTER STIGMA \ensuregreek{Ϛ}.

The lowercase of \ensuregreek{Ϛ} is \ensuregreek{\MakeLowercase{Ϛ}}
(\verb|\textstigma|), not \verb|\textvarstigma|%
\ifdefined \UnicodeEncodingName \else
  (\ensuregreek\textvarstigma)%
\fi .


\subsection{Hiatus}

Tonos and psili mark a \emph{hiatus} (break-up) if placed on
the first of two vowels that would otherwise form a diphthong.
A dialytika must be placed on the second vowel if they are dropped:

\begin{quote}
  \TestUppercase{άι άυ έι ἄι ἄυ ἔι ἀυ} (literal)

  \TestUppercase{\acctonos\textalpha\textiota{}
                 \acctonos\textalpha\textupsilon{}
                 \acctonos\textepsilon\textiota{}
                 \accpsilioxia\textalpha\textiota{}
                 \accpsilioxia\textalpha\textupsilon{}
                 \accpsilioxia\textepsilon\textiota{}
                 \accpsili\textalpha\textupsilon{}
                 } (named+LICR)

  \TestUppercase{\'\textalpha\textiota{}     \'\textalpha\textupsilon{}
                 \'\textepsilon\textiota{}   \>'\textalpha\textiota{}
                 \>'\textalpha\textupsilon{} \>'\textepsilon\textiota{}
                 \>\textalpha\textupsilon{}
                 } (short+LICR)

  \TestUppercase{\ux{\'αι \'αυ \'ει \>'αι \>'αυ \>'ει \>αυ}
 		    {\'ai \'au \'ei \>'ai \>'au \>'ei \>au}
                 } (short+\ux{literal}{transliteration})

  \TestUppercase{\ux{\'>αι \'>αυ \'>ει \'\>αι \'\>αυ \'\>ει}
 		    {\'>ai \'>au \'>ei \'\>ai \'\>au \'\>ei}
                 } (short+\ux{literal}{transliteration}, reversed)
\end{quote}
The ``hiatus feature'' does not work with the LGR ``input ligatures''.
Support for monotonic literal charactes came with the 2022
\cs{MakeUppercase} implementation changes.
Since 2023 it also works with polytonic literals (\TestUppercase{ἀυπνία}).

% Very occasionally, one will see "internal breathings" in transliterations of
% foreign names, e.g., \TestUppercase{Ἀβραἅμ} for Abraham.

% The remainder is only relevant with 8-bit TeX:
\ux{\end{document}}{}

Test the auto-hiatus feature for side-effects:

\Greek{\MakeUppercase{\'α β}} (must keep space after Α).

Kerning (compare with source):
\newcommand*\md{\textcompwordmark}
\newcommand*\MU{\MakeUppercase}

\begin{quote}
  \selectlanguage{greek}
  \raggedright
    \md \MU{ AO    AY    AI    AU    RA    OA    UA    DU}    [ \\
  \<\md \MU{ \<AO  \<AY  \<AI  \<AU  \<RA  \<OA  U\<A  D\<U}  [ \\
  \>\md \MU{ \>AO  \>AY  \>AI  \>AU  \>RA  \>OA  U\>A  D\>U}  [ \\
  \>'\md\MU{ \>'AO \>'AY \>'AI \>'AU \>'RA \>'OA U\>'A D\>'U} [ \\
  \'\md \MU{ \'AO  \'AY  \'AI  \'AU  \'RA  \'OA  U\'A  D\'U}  [ \\
  \>`\md\MU{ \>`AO \>`AY \>`AI \>`AU \>`RA \>`OA U\>`A D\>`U} [ \\
  \<'\md\MU{ \<'AO \<'AY \<'AI \<'AU \<'RA \<'OA U\<'A D\<'U} [ \\
  \`\md \MU{ \`AO  \`AY  \`AI  \`AU  \`RA  \`OA  U\`A  D\`U}  [ \\
  \<`\md\MU{ \<`AO \<`AY \<`AI \<`AU \<`RA \<`OA U\<`A D\<`U} [ \\
  \~\md \MU{ \~AO  \~AY  \~AI  \~AU  \~RA  \~OA  U\~A  D\~U}  [ \\
  \~>\md\MU{ \~>AO \~>AY \~>AI \~>AU \~>RA \~>OA U\~>A D\~>U} [ \\
  \~<\md\MU{ \~<AO \~<AY \~<AI \~<AU \~<RA \~<OA U\~<A D\~<U} [ \\
  \~<\md\MU{ \~<ao \~<ay \~<ai \~<au \~<ra \~<oa u\~<a d\~<u} [ \\
  \"\md \MU{ AO    AY    A\"I  A\"U  RA    OA    \"UA  DU}    [ \\
  % Like in any font encoding, there is no kerning for
  % non-defined accent-letter-combinations (dialytica on \Greek{A O D}).
  % \"\md \MU{ \"AO  \"AY  \"AI  \"AU  \"RA  \"OA  U\"A  D\"U}  [ \\
  % \"~\md\MU{ \~"AO \~"AY \~"AI \~"AU \~"RA \~"OA U\~"A D\~"U} [ \\
\end{quote}

Rows 3 \ldots 7: Look-ahead (to check for a hiatus) breaks kerning before
`A' with tonos or psili.

% \'AA \'AB \'AG \'AD \'AE \'AZ \'AH \'AJ \'AI \'AK \'AL \'AM \'AN \'AX
% \'AO \'AP \'AR \'AS \'AC \'AT \'AU \'AF \'AQ \'AY \'AW

Downcasing should keep diacritics (of course, it cannot regenerate
``manually" dropped ones):
\Greek{'A \"I \"U \~<A $\mapsto$ \MakeLowercase{\'A \"I \"U \~<A}}.


\subsection{Problems with the Latin transliteration}

\begin{itemize}
\item
  With monotonic Greek or if \cs{greekfontencoding} is not LGR, the
  tilde \verb|~| keeps its default expansion as no-break space (NBSP) and
  transliterations involving \verb|~| fail.
  If the \texttt{greek} language is loaded with Babel, the tilde accent
  \verb|\~| as well as combined accents involving the tilde work in all
  language variants.

\item
  In order to drop accents from input using the Latin transliteration, the
  characters ', `, \~{}, <, and > are suppressed in uppercase. This affects
  other uses of these characters:
  \begin{quote}
    \TestUppercase{\lgrfont{(( ` ' ~ < > ))}}\qquad
    \TestUppercase{\lgrfont{``x''}}
  \end{quote}
  Workaround: use literal typographical quote characters or ``french'' quotes:
  \begin{quote}
    \TestUppercase{\lgrfont{‘x’}} \qquad
    \TestUppercase{\lgrfont{((x))}}
  \end{quote}
  To keep side-effects to a minimum, breathings, combined accents and
  varia are dropped only with the language variants \emph{polutoniko}
  or \emph{ancient} as they are not required with monotonic Greek
  (the current language variant is \GreekLanguageVariant).

\item
  The uppercase of spacing composite diacritics including
  a dialytika \verb|"~ "` "'| appears as apostrophe, as a single \verb|"|
  stands for an apostrophe in the LGR transliteration if followed by a
  space or empty character.

\item
 With the pre-2022 \cs{MakeUppercase}, the input order is important
 in combined accents involving the dialytika, e.g.,
 \verb|'"i "'i| is upcased \Greek{'"i "'i → \MakeUppercase{'"i "'i}}.
\end{itemize}

\end{document}
